Aquatic bioassay of 11 pesticides using larvae of the mosquito,Wyeomyia smithii (Diptera: Culicidae)

AbstractBy injecting fenitrothion into fluid in leaves of pitcher plants, Sarracenia purpurea L., it was determined that the mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii (Coquillett), and the midge, Metriocnemus knabi (Coquillett), are under some risk from fenitrothion forest sprays at the rate of 210 g AI/ha. Wyeomyia smithii is slightly more susceptible than is M. knabi. Other leaf inhabitants, mites and rotifers, were not affected by initial concentrations of fenitrothion in the fluid (up to 9.6 μg/L) that did affect the mosquito and the midge.

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FITNESS CONSEQUENCES OF HIBERNAL DIAPAUSE IN THE PITCHER-PLANT MOSQUITO,WYEOMYIA SMITHII

Ecology ◽

10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1458:fcohdi]2.0.co;2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 1458-1462 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

W. E. Bradshaw ◽

P. A. Armbruster ◽

C. M. Holzapfel

Keyword(s):

Pitcher Plant ◽

Wyeomyia Smithii ◽

Fitness Consequences

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Photoperiodic control of development in the pitcher-plant mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z72-098 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

pp. 713-719 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

William E. Bradshaw ◽

L. Philip Lounibos

Keyword(s):

Larval Instar ◽

Pitcher Plant ◽

Photoperiodic Control ◽

Wyeomyia Smithii ◽

Diapause Termination ◽

Environmental Consequences ◽

The Third ◽

Short Day ◽

Critical Daylength ◽

Short Days

Wyeomyia smithii diapause in the third larval instar. Long days avert or terminate and short days promote or maintain diapause. Diapause occurs early in the third instar and may be terminated by photoperiodic stimuli without the intervention of chilling or other factors. Fifty percent termination of diapause requires about 3 long days and another [Formula: see text] days are consumed in the third instar for postdiapause development. The critical daylength is identical for both the initiation and termination of diapause, 14.75 h of light per day. But, the photoperiodic clock monitoring diapause decisions is several times as accurate during initiation as in termination, reflecting the more drastic environmental consequences of development misdirection in the fall than in the spring. This accuracy is further enhanced by a prolongation of the second instar under short-day conditions. The doubling in the duration of the second instar exhibits the same critical daylength properties as diapause determination.The third instar is divisible into four distinct developmental periods: prediapause, diapause, termination of diapause, and postdiapause. Methods for quantifying these periods are presented. Similar manipulations could be employed for other diapausing arthropods, regardless of the stage at which dormancy occurs or the cues used in its regulation.

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Cibarial sensilla and armature in mosquito adults (Diptera: Culicidae)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z83-085 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 633-646 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Robert M. K. W. Lee ◽

D. A. Craig

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Campaniform Sensilla ◽

Anopheles Species ◽

Anopheles Farauti ◽

Wyeomyia Smithii ◽

Force Feeding ◽

Culiseta Inornata ◽

Scanning Electron

Cibaria of 37 species of mosquitoes representing nine genera were examined using light microscopy, and those of Anopheles farauti Laveran, Aedes aegypti (L.) Culiseta inornata (Williston), and Culex declarator Dyar and Knab were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Uniporous, trichoid, and campaniform sensilla were found inside the cibarial pump. Based on force-feeding studies of other workers and external structure of sensilla, it is suggested that some of these sensilla may be chemoreceptors involved in determining acceptability of ingested food, whereas the others may be involved in dispatch of ingested blood into the midgut. Trichoid sensilla probably function as flow receptors. Number of palatal papillae in the cibarium varied between species: some have four, others have six. Generally, number and location of cibarial sensilla are similar between species. Cibarial armature was found in the cibaria of females of Culex, some Anopheles species, and Wyeomyia smithii (Coquillett), and also in both sexes of Opifex fuscus (Hutton). The function of this armature is discussed. Possible use of cibarial sensilla and armature to separate taxonomically difficult species is suggested.

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