Third Symposium on Environmental Physiology at the Negev Institute for Arid Zone Research

The study was conducted at Arid Zone Research Centre (AZRC), Dera Ismail Khan (D.I.Khan) to evaluate cost and benefit of wheat cultivation in district Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Paktoon Khwa province of Pakistan during 2015. The basic underlying assumption of economic analysis of wheat production was to assess the farmers/growers financial impact of wheat cultivation. A sample of 200 respondents from 10 major wheat growing villages of the respective areas of the district was interviewed through pretested questionnaire. The study revealed that the cost of wheat production was Rs=35,680 per acres, whereas output comes 1650 Kg per acre (42 mounds) amounting Rs=63,600 per acre. Farmers' margin also rises by adding the value of family labour and owned land which is sufficient to sustain a normal family. Moreover, positive influence between return price and output of wheat was concluded from the study, whereas negative effect of cost was also observed. The output elasticity of Land Preparation (LP), Seed and Sowing (SS), Farm Inputs (FI), Irrigation (Irr), Pesticides (Pest) and Harvesting/Threshing (HT) are 0.124587, 0.31244, 0.5874, 0.55461, 0.08248 and 0.65743, respectively.

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Geoarchaeology of Aboriginal Landscapes in Semi-arid Australia

10.1071/9780643108950 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Simon Holdaway ◽

Patricia Fanning

Keyword(s):

Aboriginal People ◽

Arid Zone ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Research Station ◽

Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽

The Past ◽

South Wales ◽

Wide Range ◽

Arid Zone Research

This book provides readers with a unique understanding of the ways in which Aboriginal people interacted with their environment in the past at one particular location in western New South Wales. It also provides a statement showing how geoarchaeology should be conducted in a wide range of locations throughout Australia. One of the key difficulties faced by all those interested in the interaction between humans and their environment in the past is the complex array of processes acting over different spatial and temporal scales. The authors take account of this complexity by integrating three key areas of study – geomorphology, geochronology and archaeology – applied at a landscape scale, with the intention of understanding the record of how Australian Aboriginal people interacted with the environment through time and across space. This analysis is based on the results of archaeological research conducted at the University of New South Wales Fowlers Gap Arid Zone Research Station between 1999 and 2002 as part of the Western New South Wales Archaeology Program. The interdisciplinary geoarchaeological program was targeted at expanding the potential offered by archaeological deposits in western New South Wales, Australia. The book contains six chapters: the first two introduce the study area, then three data analysis chapters deal in turn with the geomorphology, geochronology and archaeology of Fowlers Gap Station. A final chapter considers the results in relation to the history of Aboriginal occupation of Fowlers Gap Station, as well as the insights they provide into Aboriginal ways of life more generally. Analyses are well illustrated through the tabulation of results and the use of figures created through Geographic Information System software. Winner of the 2015 Australian Archaeology Association John Mulvaney Book Award

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