Determination of phenol in the presence of resorcinol applying substitution with excess bromine water; structure of the bromination products

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Dreijer Van Der Glas ◽  
T. Schalekamp ◽  
H. J. De Jong ◽  
A. Bult



2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Soper

The present paper reviews the investigation of ambient water structure and focusses in particular on the determination of the radial distribution functions of water from total experimental radiation scattering experiments. A novel method for removing the inelastic scattering from neutron data is introduced, and the effect of Compton scattering on X-ray data is discussed. In addition the extent to which quantum effects can be discerned between heavy and light water is analysed against these more recent data. It is concluded that, with the help of modern data analysis and computer simulation tools to interrogate the scattering data, a considerable degree of consistency can be obtained between recent and past scattering experiments on water. That consistency also gives a realistic estimate of the likely uncertainties in the extracted radial distribution functions, as well as offering a benchmark against which future experiments can be judged.



1987 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 339-340
Author(s):  
R. H�ttenrauch ◽  
S. Fricke


1974 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1288-1293
Author(s):  
Vasanti M Bhagwat ◽  
Bhikshander V Ramachandran

Abstract O-Ethyl O-p-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate (EPN), its oxygen analog O-ethyl O-p-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonate (EPNO), and p-nitrophenol (PNP) are completely extractable from slightly acidic aqueous suspensions or enzymic digests by a mixture of equal volumes of benzene and isobutanol. In shaking the extract with 0.05N NaOH, PNP is quantitatively partitioned into the aqueous phase and can be determined spectrophotometrically at 410 nm. Aliquots of the solvent phase which now contains EPN and EPNO are evaporated to dryness at 120°C. One portion of the residue is treated with ethanol and alkaline hydroxylamine. The PNP liberated is equivalent to the total EPN -f EPNO. Another portion of the residue is dissolved in cyclohexane and shaken with alkaline hydroxylamine. EPNO, which has a greater reactivity and is more soluble in water, is rapidly decomposed to PNP and can be measured as above. EPN remains unaffected in the cyclohexane phase under these conditions. The value for EPN is calculated either by difference or, when necessary, by evaporating the cyclohexane and decomposing the residue with ethanol and hydroxylamine. The method is sensitive to 0.1 μmole EPN, EPNO, or PNP and can be used in the study of enzyme systems converting EPN and EPNO to PNP or EPN to EPNO. It can also be used in monitoring the preparation of EPNO from EPN by bromine water.



1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Steinbrecher

Abstract A colorimetric method for determining the ammonia content in crabmeat in various stages of decomposition was studied collaboratively. The method involves the color reaction between ammonia, thymol, and alkaline bromine water. The mean values for organoleptic Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 of decomposition were found to be 281, 568, and 1376 μg NH3/g crabmeat, respectively. By statistical analysis these means were found to be significantly different from each other, and were found to arise from different populations. Useful cut-off points can be selected to separate the classes. The method has been adopted as official first action.



2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veselin Delevic ◽  
Refik Zejnilovic ◽  
Biljana Jancic-Stojanovic ◽  
Brizita Djordjevic ◽  
Zorana Tokic ◽  
...  

Acrylamide is toxic and probably carcinogenic compound, made as a result of high-temperature thermal treatment of carbohydrate-rich foodstuffs. In this article a method is improved for the extraction and quantitation of acrylamide in foods produced based on corn flour that are represented in our traditional diet. Acrylamide extraction was carried out using reduced volume of saturated solution of bromine water and the GC - MS method for the quantification was shown. Quantification of acrylamide was preceded by: sample homogenization, acrylamide extraction using water, extract purification using solid phase extraction, bromination, using a reduced volume of bromine water solution, dehydrobromination with sodium thiosulfate and transformation of dibromopropenamide in 2,3- 2- bromopropenamide using triethylamine. Regression and correlation analysis were applied for the probability level of 0.05. Calibration is performed in the concentration range 5-80 ug/kg with a detection limit 6.86 mg / kg and the limits of quantification 10.78 ug/kg and the coefficient of determination R2 > 0.999. Calibration curve was obtained: y = 0,069x + 0,038. Recovery values were an average from 97 to 110%. Proposed GC-MS method is simple, precise and reliable for the determination of acrylamide in the samples of thermal treated foods. Our results show that the tested foods quantify the presence of acrylamide in concentrations of 18 to 77 mg/kg acrylamide depending on whether the food was prepared by cooking or baking.



2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Battye ◽  
R. Johnson ◽  
H. C. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  


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