Models of human lung airways and their application to inhaled particle deposition

1980 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu-Chi Yeh ◽  
G. M. Schum
Keyword(s):  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Lung Airways

scholarly journals Deposition of aerosols in cylindrical tubes and in human lung airways

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Veera Rajesh Gutti
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Cylindrical Tube ◽  
Deposition Efficiency ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
The Real ◽  
Cylindrical Tubes ◽  
Lung Airways

Aerosol transport and deposition is of interest in many industrial and medical applications. This research is focused on two specific topics: deposition of aerosols in cylindrical tubes with emphasis on thermophoresis and deposition in real human lung airways. A numerical technique and a CFD code FLUENT are explored and used to estimate particle deposition efficiency due to thermophoresis in cylindrical tubes. Discrete phase modeling (DPM) employing Lagrangian particle tracking algorithm in CFD code FLUENT and user defined functions for thermophoretic force were used to predict the particle deposition efficiencies. Further, limited experiments were conducted to measure the thermophoretic deposition efficiency of carbon nanoparticles in a cylindrical tube. Real lung airway geometry for computational purposes was developed using Computed Tomography (CT) scan images of chest. Using image segmentation, volume rendering and surface processing tools in two commercially available software programs, the real lung airway surface geometry was extracted with good anatomical detail. Particle deposition was modeled using species transport and reaction modeling for molecular phase radioactive polonium-218 species in air. DPM model was also used to compute deposition of particles inhaled in the real lung airway geometry. The computational models used were verified against available experimental data for simpler single bifurcation geometries. Particle deposition efficiencies were computed using the DPM model for carbon nanoparticles of sizes 100 to 1000 nm.

scholarly journals Particle Deposition in Human Lung Airways: Effects of Airflow, Particle Size, and Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2846-2858
Author(s):  
Cuiyun Ou ◽  
Jian Hang ◽  
Qihong Deng
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Lung Airways

Prediction of particle deposition in the human lung using realistic models of lung ventilation

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1209-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Asgharian ◽  
O.T. Price ◽  
W. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Lung Ventilation

HUMAN LUNG MORPHOLOGY MODELS FOR PARTICLE DEPOSITION STUDIES

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (sup4) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted B. Martonen ◽  
Jeffry D. Schroeter ◽  
Dongming Hwang ◽  
John S. Fleming ◽  
Joy H. Conway
Keyword(s):  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Lung Morphology

The topography of particle deposition in the human lung

1989 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pityn ◽  
M.J. Chamberlain ◽  
T.M. Fraser ◽  
M. King ◽  
W.K.C. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Human Lung

Calculation of hygroscopic particle deposition in the human lung

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate Winkler-Heil ◽  
George Ferron ◽  
Werner Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Human Lung

Microscopic Airway Reopening Through Cascades of Plugs Ruptures

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Baudoin ◽  
Y. Song ◽  
C. N. Baroud ◽  
P. Manneville
Keyword(s):  
Flow Resistance ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Airway Reopening ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Binary Network ◽  
Lung Airways

The inner surface of lung airways is covered by a thin layer of mucus whose thickness is usually about 2 or 3% of the total radius of the duct. However certain diseases like asthma, chronic bronchitis or allergies can induce a hypersecretion of mucus, leading to the formation of liquid plugs which occlude the airways. These plugs can considerably alter the distribution of air during the breathing cycle. It is therefore fundamental to understand the propagation of air in the presence of such plugs and in particular airway reopening. Some studies have been performed on real lungs but there was no visualization of the airways, and only information at the entrance was reported. The purpose of this experimental work is to create a synthetic network, reproducing only the main features of the lung airways, to visualize and understand the physics of airway reopening. The human lung is made of about 24 generations with diameters ranging from about 2 cm for the trachea to 100 μm for the smallest ones. As a consequence, the physics is very different for the first and the last generations. The present work focuses on the last micrometric generations for which inertia and gravity can be neglected (small Reynolds and Bond numbers). For this purpose a binary network made of PDMS was designed and fabricated. It is composed of 6 generations with a width of 700 μm for the first generation and a width ratio of 0.8 between the branches of successive generations. A random initial distribution of plugs is inserted inside this network by using syringe pumps and finally some air is introduced inside the airways. The reopening of the network takes place through a series of cascades of plugs ruptures. A single cascade can be explained by a simple model, based on the flow resistance of the plugs and the liquid deposited on the walls. The correlation between successive cascades is extracted from a careful analysis of the data. This study improves considerably our understanding of cascades of plug ruptures, which might be valuable to enhance the treatment of such diseases.

CFD Prediction of Particle Deposition in Large-Scale Human Lung Models

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Keith Walters ◽  
William H. Luke
Keyword(s):  
Particle Tracking ◽  
Particle Transport ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Lagrangian Particle Tracking ◽  
Lagrangian Particle ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Intractable Problem

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has evolved as a useful tool for the prediction of airflow and particle transport within the human lung airway. A large number of published studies have demonstrated the use of CFD coupled with Lagrangian particle tracking methods to determine local and regional deposition rates in small subsections of the bronchopulmonary tree. However, simulation of particle transport and deposition in large-scale models encompassing more than a few generations is less common, due primarily to the sheer size and complexity of the human lung airway geometry. Fully coupled flowfield solution and particle tracking in the entire lung, for example, is currently an intractable problem and will remain so for the foreseeable future. This paper adopts a previously reported methodology for simulating large-scale regions of the lung airway [1], which was shown to produce results similar to fully resolved geometries using approximate, reduced geometry models. The methodology is here extended to particle transport and deposition simulations. Lagrangian particle-tracking simulations are performed in combination with Eulerian simulations of the air flow in an idealized representation of the human lung airway tree. Results using the reduced models are compared to fully resolved models for an eight-generation region of the conducting zone. Agreement between fully resolved and reduced geometry simulations indicates that the new method can provide an accurate alternative for large-scale CFD simulations while reducing the computational cost of these simulations by an order of magnitude or more.

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