scholarly journals Boundary states, overlaps, nesting and bootstrapping AdS/dCFT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamas Gombor ◽  
Zoltan Bajnok

Abstract Integrable boundary states can be built up from pair annihilation amplitudes called K-matrices. These amplitudes are related to mirror reflections and they both satisfy Yang Baxter equations, which can be twisted or untwisted. We relate these two notions to each other and show how they are fixed by the unbroken symmetries, which, together with the full symmetry, must form symmetric pairs. We show that the twisted nature of the K-matrix implies specific selection rules for the overlaps. If the Bethe roots of the same type are paired the overlap is called chiral, otherwise it is achiral and they correspond to untwisted and twisted K-matrices, respectively. We use these findings to develop a nesting procedure for K-matrices, which provides the factorizing overlaps for higher rank algebras automatically. We apply these methods for the calculation of the simplest asymptotic all-loop 1-point functions in AdS/dCFT. In doing so we classify the solutions of the YBE for the K-matrices with centrally extended $$ \mathfrak{su} $$ su (2|2)c symmetry and calculate the generic overlaps in terms of Bethe roots and ratio of Gaudin determinants.

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Theimer

Starting from the most general scattering formulae, the current theory of the Raman effect in crystals is modified in such a way as to remove the well-known discrepancies between theory and experiment concerning the selection rules for calcite and similar crystals. A distinction is made between electrons in delocalized crystal orbitals and electrons in localized atomic or molecular orbitals and it is shown that only the latter produce a Raman scattering in agreement with the unmodified theory. The general formula for the scattering by delocalized electrons is analyzed and it is found that the magnitude of the components [Formula: see text] of the first-order polarizability (qi normal coordinate of the scattering lattice vibration) depends on the wave vectors Q′ and Q″ of incident and scattered light. The wave vector dependence of the first-order polarizability requires selection rules for the first-order Raman effect which do not correspond to the full symmetry of the scattering crystal but only to the symmetry operations of the group of Q = Q′ – Q″ which leave Q unchanged. These modified selection rules are shown to be compatible with experiment. The influence of mechanical anharmonicity and of polarizability derivatives of higher order on the first-order Raman effect is also discussed. It is found that these non-linear effects offer no satisfactory explanation for the great intensity of forbidden lines in the Raman spectrum of some crystals. Concerning temperature effects the non-linear terms in the intensity formulae are found to be of greater importance and are tentatively suggested as being responsible for the anomalous temperature dependence of low frequency external lattice vibrations.


2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1014-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki TOKITA ◽  
Yasukazu IZAWA ◽  
Hideaki NIKI ◽  
Fumiyoshi KUWASHIMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Jurkynas

AbstractThe article discusses conceptualisation of populism, Lithuania’s party system and electoral dynamics and their relation to the sustainability of populist parties. Special attention is given to Party Order and Justice, a former populist and protest party, and its leadership, namely to the issues related to scope and competencies of a leader’s intra-partisan power, leadership selection rules and history, development of leaders’ political careers and their electoral activity. The L ithuanian party system now exhibits moderate fragmentation without centrifugal tendencies. Voter volatility is still relatively high, yet the share of new parties has dropped to zero. The protest and populist parties in Lithuania went into the margins of political establishment. Popularity of the Order and Justice party has long been connected to the formerly impeached president Rolandas Paksas. His long-term leadership in the face of plummeting electoral support and an emphasis on his political martyrdom resulted in poor electoral performances, ensuing internal squabbles and his departure. Party Order and Justice’s internal regulations, however, remained favourable to strong leadership.


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