scholarly journals Characteristics associated with pelvic organ prolapse in women with significant levator ani muscle deficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazaleh Rostaminia ◽  
Jennifer D. Peck ◽  
Lieschen H. Quiroz ◽  
S. Abbas Shobeiri
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle

scholarly journals Animal models for pelvic organ prolapse: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Gabriela M. C. Mori da Cunha ◽  
Katerina Mackova ◽  
Lucie Hajkova Hympanova ◽  
Maria Augusta T. Bortolini ◽  
Jan Deprest
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Squirrel Monkeys ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle

Abstract Introduction and hypothesis We aimed to summarize the knowledge on the pathogenesis of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) generated in animal models. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane and the Web of Science to establish what animal models are used in the study of suggested risk factors for the development of POP, including pregnancy, labor, delivery, parity, aging and menopause. Lack of methodologic uniformity precluded meta-analysis; hence, results are presented as a narrative review. Results A total of 7426 studies were identified, of which 51 were included in the analysis. Pregnancy has a measurable and consistent effect across species. In rats, simulated vaginal delivery induces structural changes in the pelvic floor, without complete recovery of the vaginal muscular layer and its microvasculature, though it does not induce POP. In sheep, first vaginal delivery has a measurable effect on vaginal compliance; measured effects of additional deliveries are inconsistent. Squirrel monkeys can develop POP. Denervation of their levator ani muscle facilitates this process in animals that delivered vaginally. The models used do not develop spontaneous menopause, so it is induced by ovariectomy. Effects of menopause depend on the age at ovariectomy and the interval to measurement. In several species menopause is associated with an increase in collagen content in the longer term. In rodents there were no measurable effects of age apart of elastin changes. We found no usable data for other species. Conclusion In several species there are measurable effects of pregnancy, delivery and iatrogenic menopause. Squirrel monkeys can develop spontaneous prolapse.

Levator ani subtended volume: a novel parameter to evaluate levator ani muscle laxity in pelvic organ prolapse

2012 ◽  
Vol 206 (3) ◽  
pp. 244.e1-244.e9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Antunes Rodrigues ◽  
Renee Bassaly ◽  
Mona McCullough ◽  
H. Leigh Terwilliger ◽  
Stuart Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle

Prevalence of levator ani muscle avulsion and effect on quality of life in women with pelvic organ prolapse

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Hung Yu ◽  
Symphorosa Shing Chee Chan ◽  
Rachel Yau Kar Cheung ◽  
Tony Kwok Hung Chung
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle Avulsion

scholarly journals Correlation of levator ani muscle strength measurement between Modified Oxford Grading Scale and perineometer on pelvic organ prolapse patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernandi Moegni ◽  
Ingrid Felicia Ocsilia Wengkang
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Moderate Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Palpation ◽  
Grading Scale ◽  
Spearman Test

Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is a debilitating condition affecting about half of all women aged of more than 60 years globally. Reduced levator ani muscle strength in POP is associated with worse symptoms and prognosis. Measurement of levator ani muscle strength can be done with several tools such as perineometer and digital palpation. However, there is currently no study regarding conformity between tests. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between tests in POP patients. An analytic observational study using cross sectional design was done to determine conformity between perineometer and digital examination using Modified Oxford Grading Scale (MOS) in Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Indonesia during the period of July, 2018 to June, 2020. Correlation between tests was determined using Spearman test. Cut-off of perineometer reading for each MOS score was also determined. A total of 110 subjects examined with both perineometer and digital palpation were recruited to the study. Positive correlation was observed between perineometer reading and Modified Oxford Grading Scale (r = 0.790, p < 0.001). According to the result, values between 0.01 – 9.64 cmH2O correspond to very weak pressure (MOS 1); 9.65 – 22.49 cmH2O represent weak pressure (MOS 2); 22.5 – 35.24 cmH2O represent moderate pressure (MOS 3); ≥ 35.25 cmH2O represent good pressure (MOS 4). There was a strong correlation between MOS and perineometer result for measuring levator ani strength in POP patients.

scholarly journals Efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training and hypopressive exercises for treating pelvic organ prolapse in women: randomized controlled trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Teixeira Bernardes ◽  
Ana Paula Magalhães Resende ◽  
Liliana Stüpp ◽  
Emerson Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Aquino Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Pelvic Floor Muscle Training ◽  
Pelvic Floor Muscle ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Randomized Controlled

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that women with pelvic floor dysfunctions present decreased cross-sectional area (CSA) of the levator ani muscle. One way to assess the effects of training programs is to measure the CSA of the muscle, using ultrasonography. The aim here was to evaluate the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training and hypopressive exercises for increasing the CSA of the levator ani muscle in women with pelvic organ prolapse. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective randomized controlled trial at the Urogynecology outpatient clinic of Universidade Federal de São Paulo. METHODS: Fifty-eight women with stage II pelvic organ prolapse were divided into three groups for physiotherapy: a pelvic floor muscle training group (GI); a hypopressive exercise group (GII); and a control group (GIII). The patients underwent transperineal ultrasonographic evaluation using a transducer of frequency 4-9 MHz. The (CSA) of the levator ani muscle was measured before physiotherapy and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: The groups were homogeneous regarding age, number of pregnancies, number of vaginal deliveries, body mass index and hormonal status. Statistically significant differences in CSA were found in GI and GII from before to after the treatment (P < 0.001), but not in relation to GIII (P = 0.816). CONCLUSIONS: The CSA of the levator ani muscle increased significantly with physiotherapy among the women with pelvic organ prolapse. Pelvic floor muscle training and hypopressive exercises produced similar improvements in the CSA of the levator ani muscle.

Evidence of Mitochondrial Damage in the Levator Ani Muscle of Women with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1241-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Yiou ◽  
François-Jérome Authier ◽  
Romain Gherardi ◽  
Claude Abbou
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Mitochondrial Damage ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle
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