Experimental evidence for the formation of doubly charged oxide and hydroxide ions in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

2001 ◽  
Vol 370 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hattendorf ◽  
D. Günther
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Doubly Charged

Oxide, Hydroxide, and Doubly Charged Analyte Species in Inductively Coupled Plasma/Mass Spectrometry

1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Vaughan ◽  
G. Horlick
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Doubly Charged Ions ◽  
Oxide Hydroxide ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Singly Charged ◽  
Doubly Charged ◽  
Oxide Ions ◽  
Charged Ions

In inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry analyte, M may be distributed among several species forms including doubly charged ions (M2+), singly charged ions (M+), mono-oxide ions (MO+), and hydroxide ions (MOH+). Detailed data are presented for Ba to illustrate the dependence of the ion count of these species and their ratios (M2+/M+, MO+/M+, and MOH+/M+) on nebulizer flow rate, plasma power, and sampling depth. Although these data are representative of most elements, many form oxides to a much greater degree than Ba; data are presented for Ti, W, and Ce to illustrate this fact. These various analyte species are important in that serious interelement interferences can occur because of spectral overlap. An extensive pair of tables indicating potential spectral interferences caused by element oxide, hydroxide, and doubly charged ions is presented.

Characterization of a 23-mm Torch for Use in Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Norman ◽  
M. Muñoz ◽  
D. P. Myers ◽  
B. S. Ross ◽  
G. M. Hieftje
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Doubly Charged ◽  
Oxide Ion

A 23-mm-i.d. torch is described and evaluated for use in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The plasma operates optimally at 1.50 kW forward power and 19.2 L/min total argon flow. The effect of the customary operating parameters (nebulizer flow rate, rf power, sampling depth, and ion-lens voltages) on analyte signals is discussed. Detection limits, oxide-ion ratios, and doubly charged ion ratios have been measured and are compared with those produced by an 18-mm-i.d. low-flow MAK torch. When compared to the conventional torch, the 23-mm system exhibits comparable detection limits for low-mass ions but better detection limits for high-mass ions (Pb and U). Oxide-ion ratios are lower in the larger torch, but doubly charged ion ratios are higher. Because optimal sampling depths in the larger torch are higher, entrained air in the tail flame causes instability and results in increased ArO+ and ArN+ background signals.

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