system optimisation
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2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 117643 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ribó-Pérez ◽  
A. Carrión ◽  
J. Rodríguez García ◽  
C. Álvarez Bel

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11308
Author(s):  
Wisam Abed Kattea Al-Maliki ◽  
Falah Alobaid ◽  
Alexander Keil ◽  
Bernd Epple

The main objective of this work was the construction of a numerical model using Advanced Process Simulation Software to represent the dynamic behaviour of a thermal storage system (TSS). The storage model was validated by comparing the results with the measured data of the storage process of the Andasol 2 solar power plant. Subsequently, a system analysis and system optimisation were carried out, and the stand-alone concept of the thermal storage system is presented. Stand-alone refers to an isolated use of the storage system without a solar power plant. During power peaks, this storage medium is heated with excess electrical power and later returned to the electrical grid through a steam cycle. Then, the system was optimised by modelling four models based on the type of storage medium and the temperature difference of the storage system. The four models, Andasol 2, SSalt max, Hitec, and Carbonate, were evaluated and compared in terms of the improvement in capacity and efficiency that can be achieved. The comparison shows that the preferred storage medium is carbonate salt due to the increases in both efficiency and capacity. The greatest increase in efficiency in terms of power generation can also be achieved with the Carbonate model (18.2%), whereas the amount of increase was 9.5% and 7.4% for each of SSalt max and Hitec, respectively. The goal of this analysis and system optimisation of a thermal salt storage system is to stabilise and relieve the local power grid.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032099
Author(s):  
Martin Vlkovsky ◽  
Petr Veselik ◽  
Jiri Malisek

Abstract The paper concerns the comparison of two off-road vehicles on three different types of surfaces with regard to cargo securing requirements. As primary data, the values of the acceleration coefficients are obtained from the transport experiments conducted on the Tatra 815 and the Tatra 810 trucks. The goal of the paper is to identify differences between the operations of both the vehicles in terms of cargo securing in the context of EN 12195-1:2010 standard requirements. An elementary statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the measured data (values of the acceleration coefficients). Based on the results, there are statistically significant differences between the vehicles, and in several cases deviations from the EN 12195-1:2010 standard assumptions were identified as well. The conclusions above have an influence on the cargo securing selection, and primarily on the lashing capacity of the securing means used. The results are usable in the securing system optimisation for the tested vehicles aiming to prevent risk situations related to the loosening of the cargo during transport.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Sean Jones ◽  
Richard Charlesworth ◽  
Kevin Naik ◽  
Thomas Charlesworth ◽  
Edward O’Dwyer ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Jann Michael Weinand ◽  
Russell McKenna ◽  
Wolf Fichtner

AbstractThe sheer number of alternative technologies and measures make the optimal planning of energy system transformations highly complex, requiring decision support from mathematical optimisation models. Due to the high computational expenses of these models, only individual case studies are usually examined. In this article, the approach from the author’s PhD thesis to transfer the optimisation results from individual case studies to many other energy systems is summarised. In the first step, a typology of the energy systems to be investigated was created. Based on this typology, representative energy systems were selected and analysed in an energy system optimisation model. In the third step, the results of the representative case studies were transferred to all other energy systems. This approach was applied to a case study for determining the minimum costs of energy system transformation for all 11,131 German municipalities from 2015 to 2035 in the completely energy autonomous case. While a technical potential to achieve energy autonomy is present in 56% of the German municipalities, energy autonomy shows only low economic potential under current energy-political conditions. However, energy system costs in the autonomous case can be greatly reduced by the installation and operation of base-load technologies like deep-geothermal plants combined with district heating networks. The developed approach can be applied to any type of energy system and should help decision makers, policy makers and researchers to estimate optimal results for a variety of energy systems using practical computational expenses.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
Sead Spuzic

The recent implementations of Industry 4.0 and allied mathematical applications such as machine learning and big data analytics are conditioned by mathematizing the basic features of the observed system. For example, the key phenomena in a number of man-made processes are controlled by an orifice, an opening through which is passing a medium of interest. When the observed process is recursive, the related records indicate the possibility of extracting from the accumulating observations knowledge useful for the system optimisation. Many of the process variables such as chemical composition, velocities, temperatures, and forces, are recorded in a convenient digital format. This, however, is not always the case with the orifice geometry. Mathematical transforms presented hereby demonstrate how a broad variety of the orifice geometries can be defined in a generic mathematical format that allows for analysing them within the same observation space


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Hassan Abdulsalam ◽  
Ibrahim Nuhu

World development increased dramatically ever since the Industrial Revolution, in particular after  second world war (WWII), which drove the rise of energy consumption. Thus, energy consumption in the World has been growing continuously in the past 50 years. Using micro Combined Heat and Power (mCHP) allows energy scheduling and demand-side management depending on different variables which will benefit users and suppliers. Different researches have been conducted due to increasing interest from researchers to increase and optimise the advantages of energy scheduling. In addition to the mCHP system, optimisation process also includes distributed energy sources (solar panels) with electricity storage. On the demand side, various devices with different load profiles which can be controlled over time can be considered. This study therefore, being a desktop based one, sought to review the energy demand-side management as it applies to the use of mCHP in residential settings.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Villacorta Linaza

Despite pharmaceutical systems being fundamental to successful antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes they are currently neglected and undervalued. Research and investment into pharmaceutical system optimisation and integration into AMS programmes presents an opportunity for countries, both high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), to develop responsible, comparable and global AMS innovations and interventions.


Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Xing Wu ◽  
Cher Hon Lau ◽  
Biplob Kumar Pramanik ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Zongli Xie

The application of membrane technologies for wastewater treatment to recover water and nutrients from different types of wastewater can be an effective strategy to mitigate the water shortage and provide resource recovery for sustainable development of industrialisation and urbanisation. Forward osmosis (FO), driven by the osmotic pressure difference between solutions divided by a semi-permeable membrane, has been recognised as a potential energy-efficient filtration process with a low tendency for fouling and a strong ability to filtrate highly polluted wastewater. The application of FO for wastewater treatment has received significant attention in research and attracted technological effort in recent years. In this review, we review the state-of-the-art application of FO technology for sewage concentration and wastewater treatment both as an independent treatment process and in combination with other treatment processes. We also provide an outlook of the future prospects and recommendations for the improvement of membrane performance, fouling control and system optimisation from the perspectives of membrane materials, operating condition optimisation, draw solution selection, and multiple technologies combination.


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