Facing a shortage of the Latin letters for the prospective new SI symbols: alternative proposal for the new SI prefixes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Pražák
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Proposal ◽  
New Si

A skeptic’s review of the New SI

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Price
Keyword(s):  
New Si

Amount of substance: an alternative proposal

1978 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Amount Of Substance ◽  
Alternative Proposal

On β-Plurality Points in Spatial Voting Games

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Boris Aronov ◽  
Mark De Berg ◽  
Joachim Gudmundsson ◽  
Michael Horton
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Voting ◽  
Voting Games ◽  
Equal Distance ◽  
Alternative Proposal

Let V be a set of n points in mathcal R d , called voters . A point p ∈ mathcal R d is a plurality point for V when the following holds: For every q ∈ mathcal R d , the number of voters closer to p than to q is at least the number of voters closer to q than to p . Thus, in a vote where each  v ∈ V votes for the nearest proposal (and voters for which the proposals are at equal distance abstain), proposal  p will not lose against any alternative proposal  q . For most voter sets, a plurality point does not exist. We therefore introduce the concept of β-plurality points , which are defined similarly to regular plurality points, except that the distance of each voter to p (but not to  q ) is scaled by a factor  β , for some constant 0< β ⩽ 1. We investigate the existence and computation of β -plurality points and obtain the following results. • Define β * d := {β : any finite multiset V in mathcal R d admits a β-plurality point. We prove that β * d = √3/2, and that 1/√ d ⩽ β * d ⩽ √ 3/2 for all d ⩾ 3. • Define β ( p, V ) := sup {β : p is a β -plurality point for V }. Given a voter set V in mathcal R 2 , we provide an algorithm that runs in O ( n log n ) time and computes a point p such that β ( p , V ) ⩾ β * b . Moreover, for d ⩾ 2, we can compute a point  p with β ( p , V ) ⩾ 1/√ d in O ( n ) time. • Define β ( V ) := sup { β : V admits a β -plurality point}. We present an algorithm that, given a voter set V in mathcal R d , computes an ((1-ɛ)ċ β ( V ))-plurality point in time O n 2 ɛ 3d-2 ċ log n ɛ d-1 ċ log 2 1ɛ).

The open-access telecommunication transmission network in the Canary Islands: an alternative proposal to the current management model?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Krawietz Ramos ◽  
Rosa María Aguilar Chinea ◽  
Pedro Juan Baquero Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Transmission Network ◽  
Wholesale Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Retail Service ◽  
Alternative Proposal

Purpose This paper aims to study the competition problems and market failures in the Canary Islands and propose an alternative management model for the telecommunication transmission network. This model is based on a wholesale-only open-access transmission network, available to all the retail service providers of this region, and managed by a unique entity subject to regulation with cost-based prices. The proposal hopefully will help to debate about the implementation of certain regulatory models in the network industries, concerning telecommunication submarine cables connecting archipelagos. Design/methodology/approach An empirical approach has been used, based on the observation and analysis of the regulatory policies applied to the wholesale transmission networks in the Canary Islands, Azores and Madeira archipelagos. Findings Results show a persistent margin squeeze situation on the retail broadband market in the Canary Islands, due to the pricing strategy on the Spanish mainland-Canaries wholesale market, which is, in turn, delaying the entry of alternatives and the level of development and efficiency of competition. The risk of duopoly collusion is also present on this wholesale market. Additionally, public aids will be needed to replace the systems connecting with the non-capital islands and to provide redundancy to El Hierro. The alternative proposal might help preventing the above. Eventually, several insights are considered for further investigation. Originality/value Little attention has been paid to this topic in the literature, regarding the analysis of regulatory policies applied over fiber optic submarine cable infrastructures in fragmented territories like archipelagos. Consequently, an empirical analysis has been accomplished to emphasize this research work, based on the regulatory policies adopted.

Media Arbitration Schemes: Addressing the Backlog of Defamation Cases in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Imaduddin Suhaimi
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Criminal Courts ◽  
High Court ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Alternative Proposal ◽  
Salient Features

Abstract The rise in defamation claims in Malaysia has placed an onerous workload on the courts to deal with such matters. Against this backdrop, Hamid Sultan Abu Backer JC (as his Lordship then was) (Hamid Sultan JC) suggested in two separate High Court decisions that to alleviate the courts’ burden, matters pertaining to libel and slander ought to be constrained to the criminal courts through appropriate statutory amendments, including to the Criminal Procedure Code (Malaysia). In this paper, the author cautions against the learned Hamid Sultan JC's recommendations and proffers an alternative proposal in the form of media arbitration schemes to handle the growing influx of defamation claims. In particular, the salient features of the IMPRESS and IPSO Schemes from the United Kingdom are scrutinised in detail and measured in terms of suitability for a potential arbitration scheme in the Malaysian jurisdiction.

Jarosite in Antarctic deep ice supports the ice-weathering model for jarosite formation on Mars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Baccolo ◽  
Barbara Delmonte ◽  
Paul Niles ◽  
Giannantonio Cibin ◽  
Elena Di Stefano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Hydrothermal Processes ◽  
Meridiani Planum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alternative Proposal ◽  
Iron Bearing

&lt;p&gt;On Earth, jarosite is a weathering product forming in acidic-oxidative environments from the alteration of iron-bearing minerals in presence of liquid water. Typical settings where this iron-potassium hydrated sulphate is found, are weathering zones of pyrite-rich deposits, evaporative basins and fumaroles. Jarosite is not only known on Earth, it also occurs on Mars, where it was firstly identified by the Opportunity rover. The mineral was in fact recognized in the finely layered formations outcropping at Meridiani Planum and that were accurately investigated by the rover (Klingelh&amp;#246;fer et al. 2004). Since jarosite requires liquid water to form, its occurrence on Mars has been regarded as an evidence for the presence of liquid water in the geologic past of Mars (Elwood-Madden et al., 2004). Since then, many models have been proposed to describe the environments where the precipitation of Martian jarosite took place. The most accepted ones deal with evaporative basins similar to Earth&amp;#8217;s playas, others concern volcanic activity and hydrothermal processes. An alternative proposal predicted that jarosite may have formed as a consequence of weathering of mineral dust trapped in massive ice deposits, i.e. the ice-weathering model (Niles &amp; Michalsky, 2009). The hypothesis that jarosite formed on Mars because of low-temperature, acidic and water limited weathering, is not new (Burns, 1987), but until now no direct evidences were available to support it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A potential Earth analogue to investigate such processes is deep Antarctic ice. We present a first investigation of deep ice samples from the Talos Dome ice core (East Antarctica) aimed at the identification of englacial jarosite, so as to support the ice-weathering model. Evidences gathered through independent techniques showed that jarosite is actually present in deep Antarctic ice and results from the weathering of dust trapped into ice. The process is controlled by the re-crystallization of ice grains and the concurrent re-location of impurities at grain-junctions, which both depend on ice depth. This study demonstrates that the deep englacial environment is suitable for jarosite precipitation. Our findings support the hypothesis that, as originally predicted by the ice-weathering model, paleo ice-related processes have been important in the geologic and geochemical history of Mars.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Burns, R. Ferric sulfates on Mars. &lt;em&gt;J. Geophys. Res.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;92&lt;/strong&gt;, E570-E574 (1987).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elwood-Madden et al., 2004. Jarosite as an indicator of water-limited chemical weathering on Mars. &lt;em&gt;Nature&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;431&lt;/strong&gt;, 821-823 (2004).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Klingelh&amp;#246;fer, G. et al. Jarosite and Hematite at Meridiani Planum from Opportunity's M&amp;#246;ssbauer Spectrometer. &lt;em&gt;Science&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;306&lt;/strong&gt;, 1740-1745 (2004).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Niles, P. B. &amp; Michalski, J. M. Meridiani Planum sediments on Mars formed through weathering in massive ice deposits. &lt;em&gt;Nat. Geosci.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;, 215-220 (2009).&lt;/p&gt;

Chapter 15 /tʃ/ and /dʒ/: A New si-chew-ation

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-60
Author(s):  
Geoff Lindsey
Keyword(s):  
New Si
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