Molecular phylogenetic and chemical analyses of the microbial mats in deep-sea cold seep sediments at the northeastern Japan Sea

Extremophiles ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizuka Arakawa ◽  
Takako Sato ◽  
Rumi Sato ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Toshitaka Gamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Northeastern Japan ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of reverse-transcribed bacterial rRNA obtained from deep-sea cold seep sediments

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumio Inagaki ◽  
Yuri Sakihama ◽  
Akira Inoue ◽  
Chiaki Kato ◽  
Koki Horikoshi
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

scholarly journals A new genus and species of spionid polychaete (Annelida, Spionidae) from a deep-water cold seep site in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea off Turkey

Zoosymposia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
JAMES A. BLAKE ◽  
PATRICIA A. RAMEY-BALCI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea

A new spionid polychaete was discovered in deep-sea sediments in the eastern Mediterranean Sea during an expedition by the Ocean Exploration Trust. Specimens were collected by the E/V Nautilus in August 2012 off Turkey, at a depth of 2216 m on the Anaximander Seamount at the Amsterdam mud volcano site. Cores were taken from sediments covered with microbial mats. The new species belongs to the Pygospiopsis-Atherospio Group, which has unusual neuropodial hooks, modified neurosetae in some anterior setigers, and branchiae in middle body segments that are broad, flattened, and fused to the dorsal lamellae. The new species is assigned to a new genus and species, Aciculaspio anaximanderi n. gen., n. sp., and is unusual in having a reduced setiger 1 lacking notosetae; well-developed pre- and postsetal lamellae that encompass the neurosetae and notosetae; notopodial lamellae free from the branchiae in anterior setigers that become fused and flattened in middle and posterior segments; unidentate hooded hooks in both noto- and neuropodia; neuropodial spines in setigers 4–10; and a pygidium with three anal cirri. Aciculaspio anaximanderi n. gen., n. sp. is the first species in the Atherospio-Pygospiopsis Group collected from a deep-water cold seep habitat.

scholarly journals Distribution of Megabenthic Communities Under Contrasting Settings in Deep-Sea Cold Seeps Near Northwest Atlantic Canyons

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Cleland ◽  
Georgios Kazanidis ◽  
J. Murray Roberts ◽  
Steve W. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Cold Seeps ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Northwest Atlantic ◽  
Spatial Management

Cold seeps support fragile deep-sea communities of high biodiversity and are often found in areas with high commercial interest. Protecting them from encroaching human impacts (bottom trawling, oil and gas exploitation, climate change) requires an advanced understanding of the drivers shaping their spatial distribution and biodiversity. Based on the analysis of 2,075 high-quality images from six remotely operated vehicle dives, we examined cold seep megabenthic community composition, richness, density, and biodiversity at a relatively shallow (∼400 m water depth) site near Baltimore Canyon (BC) and a much deeper site (∼1,500 m) near Norfolk Canyon (NC), in the northwest Atlantic. We found sharp differences in the megabenthic composition between the sites, which were driven mostly by bathymetric gradients. At both BC and NC there were significant differences in megabenthic composition across habitats. Hard habitats in and around cold seeps had significantly higher values of species richness, density, and biodiversity than soft habitats. Depth and habitat complexity were the leading environmental variables driving megabenthic variability. The presence of microbial mats and gas bubbling sites had a statistically significant contribution to explaining megabenthic variability mainly in the shallower BC and less in the deeper NC areas examined; drivers behind this discrepancy could be related to differences between BC and NC in terms of chemical compound fluxes and megafaunal life history characteristics. Our surveys revealed marine litter, primarily from commercial fisheries. This study highlights the importance of habitat complexity for the proliferation of highly diverse cold-seep ecosystems and underscores the importance of discovery science to inform spatial management of human activities in the deep and open ocean.

Molecular Evidence that Phylogenetically Diverged Ciliates Are Active in Microbial Mats of Deep-Sea Cold-Seep Sediment

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIYOTAKA TAKISHITA ◽  
NATSUKI KAKIZOE ◽  
TAKAO YOSHIDA ◽  
TADASHI MARUYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Molecular Evidence

Bacillus fonticola sp. nov., isolated from deep sea cold seep sediment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-yuan Sun ◽  
Hai-zhen Zhou ◽  
Qing-lei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Cold Seep

scholarly journals Phenylhydrazone and Quinazoline Derivatives from the Cold-Seep-Derived Fungus Penicillium oxalicum

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ya-Ping Liu ◽  
Sheng-Tao Fang ◽  
Zhen-Zhen Shi ◽  
Bin-Gui Wang ◽  
Xiao-Nian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Penicillium Oxalicum ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Quinazoline Derivatives

Three new phenylhydrazones, penoxahydrazones A–C (compounds 1–3), and two new quinazolines, penoxazolones A (compound 4) and B (compound 5), with unique linkages were isolated from the fungus Penicillium oxalicum obtained from the deep sea cold seep. Their structures and relative configurations were assigned by analysis of 1D/2D NMR and mass spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations of 1, 4, and 5 were established on the basis of X-ray crystallography or ECD calculations. Compound 1 represents the first natural phenylhydrazone-bearing steroid, while compounds 2 and 3 are rarely occurring phenylhydrazone tautomers. Compounds 4 and 5 are enantiomers that feature quinazoline and cinnamic acid units. Some isolates exhibited inhibition of several marine phytoplankton species and marine-derived bacteria.

scholarly journals Development of an Easy-to-Operate Underwater Raman System for Deep-Sea Cold Seep and Hydrothermal Vent In Situ Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5090
Author(s):  
Qingsheng Liu ◽  
Jinjia Guo ◽  
Wangquan Ye ◽  
Kai Cheng ◽  
Fujun Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Bacterial Mats ◽  
Optical Module ◽  
In Situ Detection

As a powerful in situ detection technique, Raman spectroscopy is becoming a popular underwater investigation method, especially in deep-sea research. In this paper, an easy-to-operate underwater Raman system with a compact design and competitive sensitivity is introduced. All the components, including the optical module and the electronic module, were packaged in an L362 × Φ172 mm titanium capsule with a weight of 20 kg in the air (about 12 kg in water). By optimising the laser coupling mode and focusing lens parameters, a competitive sensitivity was achieved with the detection limit of SO42− being 0.7 mmol/L. The first sea trial was carried out with the aid of a 3000 m grade remotely operated vehicle (ROV) “FCV3000” in October 2018. Over 20,000 spectra were captured from the targets interested, including methane hydrate, clamshell in the area of cold seep, and bacterial mats around a hydrothermal vent, with a maximum depth of 1038 m. A Raman peak at 2592 cm−1 was found in the methane hydrate spectra, which revealed the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the seeping gas. In addition, we also found sulfur in the bacterial mats, confirming the involvement of micro-organisms in the sulfur cycle in the hydrothermal field. It is expected that the system can be developed as a universal deep-sea survey and detection equipment in the near future.

scholarly journals Deep-sea ophiuroids (Echinodermata) from reducing and non-reducing environments in the North Atlantic Ocean

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Stöhr ◽  
Michel Segonzac
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Cold Seeps ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Blake Ridge ◽  
Reducing Environment

The animal communities associated with the deep-sea reducing environment have been studied for almost 30 years, but until now only a single species of ophiuroid, Ophioctenella acies, has been found at both hydrothermal vents and methane cold seeps. Since the faunal overlap between vent and seep communities is small and many endemic species have been found among other taxa (e.g. Mollusca, Crustacea), additional species of ophiuroids were expected at previously unstudied sites. Chemical compositions at reducing sites differ greatly from the nearby bathyal environment. Generally, species adapted to chemosynthetic environments are not found in non-chemosynthetic habitats, but occasional visitors of other bathyal species to vent and seep sites have been recorded among many taxa except ophiuroids. This paper presents an analysis of the ophiuroid fauna found at hydrothermal vents and non-reducing nearby sites on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and on methane cold seeps in the Gulf of Mexico, at Blake Ridge off South Carolina and south of Barbados. In addition to O. acies, four species were found at vents, Ophiactis tyleri sp. nov., Ophiocten centobi, Ophiomitra spinea and Ophiotreta valenciennesi rufescens. While Ophioctenella acies appears to be restricted to chemosynthetic areas, the other four species were also found in other bathyal habitats. They also occur in low numbers (mostly single individuals), whereas species adapted to hydrothermal areas typically occur in large numbers. Ophioscolex tripapillatus sp. nov. and Ophiophyllum atlanticum sp. nov. are described from nearby non-chemosynthetic sites. In a cold seep south of Barbados, three species of ophiuroids were found, including Ophioctenella acies, Amphiura sp., Ophiacantha longispina sp. nov. and Ophioplinthaca chelys. From the cold seeps at Blake Ridge and the Gulf of Mexico, Ophienigma spinilimbatum gen. et sp. nov. is described, likely restricted to the reducing environment. Ophiotreta valenciennesi rufescens occurred abundantly among Lophelia corals in the Gulf of Mexico seeps, which is the first record of this species from the West Atlantic. Habitat descriptions complement the taxonomic considerations, and the distribution of the animals in reducing environments is discussed.

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