Social influences on ant-dipping acquisition in the wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) of Bossou, Guinea, West Africa

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Humle ◽  
Charles T. Snowdon ◽  
Tetsuro Matsuzawa
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus ◽  
In The Wild

scholarly journals First GIS Analysis of Modern Stone Tools Used by Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Bossou, Guinea, West Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0121613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Benito-Calvo ◽  
Susana Carvalho ◽  
Adrian Arroyo ◽  
Tetsuro Matsuzawa ◽  
Ignacio de la Torre
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Gis Analysis ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus

scholarly journals Food hardness and stone tool weight in wild primate nut-cracking

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Haslam
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus ◽  
Crack Open ◽  
Hardness Curve ◽  
Species Overlap ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Nut Cracking

AbstractThis study presents data on average stone tool weights and the hardness of foods processed by the three known stone-tool-using primate species: Burmese long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis aurea), bearded capuchins (Sapajus libidinosus) and Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). Each of these primates uses stone hammers to crack open nuts in the wild, making them suitable for inter-species behavioural comparison. This work draws on published results to identify a distinct difference in the tool weight/food hardness curve between chimpanzees and the two monkey taxa, with the latter reaching an asymptote in mean tool weight of just over 1 kg regardless of increasing food hardness. In contrast, chimpanzees rapidly increase their tool weight in response to increasing hardness, selecting average masses over 5 kg to process the hardest nuts. Species overlap in their preference for tools of 0.8-1 kg for opening foods of hardness 2-3 kN, suggesting that this conjunction may represent a primate stone-tool-use optimum.

Lack of Evidence for HIV Type 1-Related SIVcpz Infection in Captive and Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in West Africa

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred M. Prince ◽  
Betsy Brotman ◽  
Dong-Hun Lee ◽  
Linda Andrus ◽  
Jay Valinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus ◽  
Hiv Type 1

Modeling habitat suitability for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Greater Nimba Landscape, Guinea, West Africa

Primates ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maegan Fitzgerald ◽  
Robert Coulson ◽  
A. Michelle Lawing ◽  
Tetsuro Matsuzawa ◽  
Kathelijne Koops
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus

Ecological and social influences on rates of social play in immature wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus)

2019 ◽  
pp. 221-241
Author(s):  
Yasmin Moebius ◽  
Peter D. Walsh ◽  
Grégoire K. Nohon ◽  
Christophe Boesch
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
Social Play ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus

scholarly journals Phylogeography, conservation genetics and parasitology of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Sá
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
West African ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Continuous Forest

Chimpanzees are disappearing at an alarming rate and it is imperative that strategies should be applied towards their conservation. The evolutionary history of West African chimpanzees remains ambiguous and controversial. Chimpanzees in Guinea-Bissau live at the most western limit of the species distribution and no studies so far have included individuals from this area. Little is known about their ecological, social and behavioural characteristics and their phylogeography and genetic structure has never been evaluated. Furthermore, little is known about their symbiontic fauna.The aims of my Ph.D. research were to evaluate concomitant threat factors that may have a negative impact on chimpanzee persistence in Guinea-Bissau, and to test a set of hypothesis regarding their phylogeographic and genetic structure. First I report on the trade and ethnobiological use of chimpanzee body parts for traditional practices. Second, I investigate how Guinea-Bissau chimpanzees relate to other members of the Pan troglodytes verus subspecies in West Africa especially those from Guinea Conakry in order to uncover their evolutionary history. Third, I assess their genetic diversity and structure where I expected to find significant population genetic structure among isolated subpopulations. Finally, I investigate the gastrointestinal symbiont diversity of chimpanzees living in a disturbed habitat, especially focusing on infection from parasites with direct life cycles and the effects of increased intra and interspecific contact.My research shows that in addition to habitat loss and fragmentation and the pet trade, transnational traffic and the use of chimpanzee body parts for traditional purposes constitute additional threats and must be taken into consideration for conservation measures. Second, I showed that Guinea-Bissau chimpanzees have experienced a complex paleodemographic history revealed by the phylogeographic analyses suggesting that an historical bottleneck followed by several expansion events. Furthermore, a clear pattern of genetic structure was observed where isolation by distance and vicariance have affected patterns of genetic structure. Chimpanzee females were inferred to disperse in a stepping stone way. Moreover, the two main mitochondrial lineages emerged during the early Pleistocene (1-0.78 MYA) and the divergence time of the haplogroups dates back to middle Pleistocene (0.78-0.12 MYA) coincident with the Gunz (0.68-0.62 MYA) and Mindel (0.45-0.30 MYA) glaciations that caused the contraction of west African tropical forests but followed by an expansion afterwards during the interglaciar periods that restored its connectivity. Lastly, I identified at least 13 different symbiotic genera (Troglodytella abrassarti, Troglocorys cava, Blastocystis spp., Entamoeba coli, Iodamoeba buestcshlii, Giardia intestinalis, Chilomastix mesnilii, Bertiella sp., Probstmayria gombensis, unidentified strongylids, Strongyloides stercoralis, Strongyloides fuelleborni and Trichuris sp.), which have colonized the Guinea-Bissau chimpanzee gastrointestinal tract. Symbiont richness was higher in chimpanzee subpopulations living in fragmented forests compared to the community inhabiting continuous forest area. In fragmented areas chimpanzee density and range-use intensity decreased, which might contribute to low prevalence/total absence of Trichuris sp. in samples from chimpanzees in these areas when compared with those inhabiting continuous forest.

scholarly journals Activity and Habitat Use of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Anthropogenic Landscape of Bossou, Guinea, West Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Bryson-Morrison ◽  
Joseph Tzanopoulos ◽  
Tetsuro Matsuzawa ◽  
Tatyana Humle
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus ◽  
Anthropogenic Landscape
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