The purpose of this chapter is to give some historical landmarks to the reader. The concept of weak solutions certainly has its origin in mechanics; the article by C. Oseen [100] is referred to in the seminal paper by J. Leray. In that famous article, J. Leray proved the global existence of solutions of (NSν) in the sense of Definition 2.5, page 42, in the case when Ω = R3. The case when Ω is a bounded domain was studied by E. Hopf in. The study of the regularity properties of those weak solutions has been the purpose of a number of works. Among them, we recommend to the reader the fundamental paper of L. Caffarelli, R. Kohn and L. Nirenberg. In two space dimensions, J.-L. Lions and G. Prodi proved in [91] the uniqueness of weak solutions (this corresponds to Theorem 3.2, page 56, of this book). Theorem 3.3, page 58, of this book shows that regularity and uniqueness are two closely related issues. In the case of the whole space R3, theorems of that type have been proved by J. Leray in.