scholarly journals ISCEV standard for clinical multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) (2021 update)

2021 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Michael B. Hoffmann ◽  
Michael Bach ◽  
Mineo Kondo ◽  
Shiying Li ◽  
Sinead Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Society ◽  
Multifocal Electroretinogram ◽  
Multifocal Electroretinography ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Clinical Electrophysiology ◽  
Iscev Standard ◽  
Iscev Standards ◽  
Electrophysiological Test ◽  
M Sequences ◽  
Document Format

AbstractThe multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) is an electrophysiological test that allows the function of multiple discrete areas of the retina to be tested simultaneously. This document, from the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV), presents an updated and revised ISCEV standard for clinical mfERG and defines minimum protocols for basic clinical mfERG recording and reporting so that responses can be recognized and compared from different laboratories worldwide. The major changes compared with the previous mfERG standard relate to the minimum length of m-sequences used for recording, reporting of results and a change in document format, to be more consistent with other ISCEV standards.

scholarly journals Prevalence of electronegative electroretinograms in a healthy adult cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000751
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Jiang ◽  
Taha Bhatti ◽  
Ambreen Tariq ◽  
Katie M Williams ◽  
Isabelle Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Society ◽  
Dark Adaptation ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Pupil Dilation ◽  
Clinical Electrophysiology ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Healthy Cohort ◽  
Iscev Standard

ObjectiveAn electronegative electroretinogram (ERG) can indicate important ocular or systemic disease. This study explored the prevalence of electronegative responses to dark-adapted stimuli in a largely healthy cohort.Methods and Analysis211 participants recruited from the TwinsUK cohort underwent ERG testing incorporating international standard (International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV)) protocols and additional stimuli. Responses were recorded using conductive fibre electrodes, following pupil dilation and 20 min dark adaptation. Responses analysed were to the ISCEV standard and strong flashes (3.0 and 10 cd/m2 s), and to additional white flashes (0.67–67 cd/m2 s). A-wave and b-wave amplitudes were extracted; b:a ratios were calculated and proportions of eyes with ratios<1 were noted.ResultsMean (SD) age was 62.4 (11.4) years (median, 64.3; range 23–86 years). 93% were female. Mean (SD) b:a ratios for right and left eyes, respectively, were 1.86 (0.33) and 1.81 (0.29) for the standard flash, and 1.62 (0.25) and 1.58 (0.23) for the stronger flash; average b:a ratio was lower for the stronger flash (p<0.0001). No waveforms were electronegative. For additional flashes, b:a ratio decreased with increasing flash strength. No electronegative waveforms were seen except in three eyes (0.7%) for the strongest flash; in some cases, drift in the waveform may have artefactually reduced the b:a ratio.ConclusionFor standard dark-adapted stimuli, no participants had electronegative waveforms. The findings support the notion that electronegative waveforms (in response to standard flash strengths) are unusual, and should prompt further investigation.

scholarly journals ISCEV extended protocol for the S-cone ERG

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ido Perlman ◽  
Mineo Kondo ◽  
Enid Chelva ◽  
Anthony G. Robson ◽  
Graham E. Holder
Keyword(s):  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Retinal Function ◽  
Clinical Electrophysiology ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Retinal Disorders ◽  
Iscev Standard ◽  
Enhanced S Cone Syndrome

AbstractThe International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) standard for full-field electroretinography (ERG) describes a minimum procedure for testing generalized retinal function but encourages more extensive testing. This extended protocol describes a method of assessing the function of the short-wavelength-sensitive cone (S-cone) retinal pathway, using a short-wavelength flash superimposed on a background that saturates the rods and adapts the L/M-cones to elicit a response, known as the S-cone ERG. Stimulus parameters such as the strength and luminance of the flash and background, respectively, and their spectral and temporal characteristics are specified. As a complement to the ISCEV standard, testing the S-cone ERG enables further characterization of light-adapted retinal function and may refine diagnosis of some retinal disorders. Typical applications are described including use in the diagnosis of rod monochromacy and S-cone monochromacy, identification and investigation of cone On-bipolar cell dysfunction and use of the technique to confirm the diagnosis of enhanced S-cone syndrome.

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