A study of crown rust resistance in historical and modern oat cultivars representing 120 years of Polish oat breeding

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Sowa ◽  
Edyta Paczos-Grzęda
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Oat Breeding

VIRULENCE OF UREDIAL AND AECIAL ISOLATES OF PUCCINIA CORONATA CORDA F.SP. AVENAE IDENTIFIED IN CANADA FROM 1952 TO 1966

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1693-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fleischmann
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Puccinia Coronata ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance ◽  
Physiologic Races ◽  
Oat Breeding

Isolates of Puccinia coronata f.sp. avenae collected during a 15-year period were tested for virulence on the crown rust differential oat varieties. The proportion of cultures virulent on Landhafer increased relative to others during this period, and was related to the release in the United States of commercial varieties that contained this type of resistance. These varieties served to reduce the proportion of races avirulent on Landhafer in the crown rust population that reached Canada.The occurrence and subsequent increase in frequency of isolates virulent on Victoria was correlated with the release of the oat varieties Rodney and Garry which possess part of the crown rust resistance of Victoria. The increased proportion of cultures that attacked Ukraine also paralleled the release of these two commercial varieties. This suggests that Ukraine either contains the Victoria Pc-11 gene for crown rust resistance that was transferred to Rodney and Garry, or that it contains another gene in common with these varieties.Races of crown rust that are differentially virulent on the varieties Landhafer and Santa Fe have recently been found in Canada. One culture was virulent on the variety Bondvic but not on Trispernia. No increase in race 264 of crown rust, which attacks all the differential sources of resistance except Saia, has been observed since it was first identified in Canada in 1957.Presentation of the virulence of crown rust isolates for individual types of resistance was found to express the results of race surveys in terms which were more meaningful to the oat breeding program. This form of analysis also produced valuable information on the possible relationships of genes for resistance in different oat varieties not readily obtainable from conventional information on the occurrence and distribution of physiologic races of crown rust.

scholarly journals Discovery and Chromosomal Location a Highly Effective Oat Crown Rust Resistance Gene Pc50-5

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11183
Author(s):  
Joanna Toporowska ◽  
Sylwia Sowa ◽  
Andrzej Kilian ◽  
Aneta Koroluk ◽  
Edyta Paczos-Grzęda
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Avena Sterilis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Oat Cultivars

Crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of oat worldwide. Growing disease-resistant oat cultivars is the preferred method of preventing the spread of rust and potential epidemics. The object of the study was Pc50-5, a race-specific seedling crown rust resistant gene, highly effective at all growth stages, selected from the differential line Pc50 (Avena sterilis L. CW 486-1 × Pendek). A comparison of crown rust reaction as well as an allelism test showed the distinctiveness of Pc50-5, whereas the proportions of phenotypes in segregating populations derived from a cross with two crown rust-susceptible Polish oat cultivars, Kasztan × Pc50-5 and Bingo × Pc50-5, confirmed monogenic inheritance of the gene, indicating its usefulness in oat breeding programs. Effective gene introgression depends on reliable gene identification in the early stages of plant development; thus, the aim of the study was to develop molecular markers that are tightly linked to Pc50-5. Segregating populations of Kasztan × Pc50-5 were genotyped using DArTseq technology based on next-generation Illumina short-read sequencing. Markers associated with Pc50-5 were located on chromosome 6A of the current version of the oat reference genome (Avena sativa OT3098 v2, PepsiCo) in the region between 434,234,214 and 440,149,046 bp and subsequently converted to PCR-based SCAR (sequence-characterized amplified region) markers. Furthermore, 5426978_SCAR and 24031809_SCAR co-segregated with the Pc50-5 resistance allele and were mapped to the partial linkage group at 0.6 and 4.0 cM, respectively. The co-dominant 58163643_SCAR marker was the best diagnostic and it was located closest to Pc50-5 at 0.1 cM. The newly discovered, very strong monogenic crown rust resistance may be useful for oat improvement. DArTseq sequences converted into specific PCR markers will be a valuable tool for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Virulence Associations in Oat Crown Rust

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Leonard ◽  
Y. Anikster ◽  
J. Manisterski
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Northern Plains ◽  
Avena Sterilis ◽  
Oat Crown Rust ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes

Isolates of Puccinia coronata obtained from natural populations of Avena sterilis in Israel, winter oat (A. sativa) cultivars in Texas, and spring oat cultivars in the Northern Plains states of Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota were analyzed for significance of pairwise virulence associations. Isolates from all three regions were tested on 25 oat lines with single P. coronata (Pc) genes for crown rust resistance from A. sterilis and one line with a Pc gene from A. sativa. Isolates from Israel were tested also on 11 Iowa backcross lines with undesignated crown rust resistance genes from A. sterilis. Four associated virulence groups were identified from significant positive virulence associations that were consistent across all three regions. Group 38 included virulence to Pc-38, Pc-39, Pc-55, Pc-63, and Pc-71; group 45 included virulence to Pc-45, Pc-46, Pc-48, Pc-52, Pc-54, and Pc-57; group 58 included virulence to Pc-35, Pc-40, Pc-58, and Pc-59; and group 61 included virulence to Pc- 36, Pc-51, Pc-56, Pc-60, and Pc-61. Virulence to Pc-70 showed the strongest association to virulences in group 38 but also showed significant association with virulence to Pc-45, Pc-35, and Pc-58. Virulences in group 61 were consistently negatively associated with virulences in group 38 in each region. In Israel, virulences to five of the Iowa lines showed positive associations to virulences in group 61 and negative associations to virulences in groups 38 and 45. Close similarity of reactions of nearly all isolates to Pc-39, Pc-55, and Pc-71 suggest that these genes may be identical or nearly identical alleles.

INHERITANCE OF CROWN RUST RESISTANCE IN THREE ACCESSIONS OF AVENA STERILIS

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Harder ◽  
R. I. H. McKenzie ◽  
J. W. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Avena Sterilis ◽  
Oat Crown Rust ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance ◽  
Resistance Spectrum ◽  
Dominant Genes

The inheritance of resistance to oat crown rust was studied in three accessions of Avena sterilis L. Accession CAV 4274 originated from Morocco, CAV 4540 from Algeria, and CAV 3695 from Tunisia. Seedling rust tests on F2 backcross families indicated the presence of two dominant genes for crown rust resistance in CAV 4274. One of these, a gene conditioning resistance to most races tested, was linked or allelic to gene Pc-38, and was designated gene Pc-62. The second gene conferred resistance only to one of the six races studied, and was not tested further. In CAV 4540, a single dominant gene, Pc-63 was possibly allelic with Pc-62 and linked or allelic to Pc-38. Genes Pc-62 and 63 are generally similar to Pc-38 in their resistance spectrum, but these three genes are differentiated by races CR 102, CR 103, and CR 107. A single dominant gene in CAV 3695 appeared to be Pc-50.

Leggett Oat

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Mitchell Fetch ◽  
S. D. Duguid ◽  
P. D. Brown ◽  
J. Chong ◽  
T. G. Fetch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Leggett is the first oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar released in western Canada carrying the crown rust resistance gene Pc94. Leggett carries the crown rust resistance combination Pc68 and Pc94, which provides good resistance to the crown rust populations currently present on the eastern Canadian Prairies. As a result of the presence of Pc94 providing resistance to oat crown rust, this line should exhibit excellent yield stability in the rust-prone regions of the prairies. Leggett has very good resistance to loose and covered smut, resistance to the prevalent races of oat stem rust other than NA67, but poor tolerance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Leggett has kernel characteristics suited to milling end uses, with high test weight and 1000-kernel weight and high percent plump kernels. The beta-glucan content of Leggett is equal to or higher than that of the checks, making it a desirable milling quality cultivar. Key words: Oat, Avena sativa L., cultivar description, crown rust resistance, milling oat, Pc94

Evaluating landrace oats (Avena sp.) collected in Tunisia for crown rust resistance under natural infection

Euphytica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hammami ◽  
M. B. Allagui ◽  
M. Chakroun ◽  
M. El Gazzeh
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance

The inheritance of resistance to Puccinia coronata and of floret characters in Avena sterilis

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. L. Wong ◽  
R. I. H. McKenzie ◽  
D. E. Harder ◽  
J. W. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Puccinia Coronata ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Avena Sterilis ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Genes

The inheritance of resistance to Puccinia coronata, awn development, lemma pubescence, and lemma color were studied in the Avena sterilis accessions CAV 4248, CAV 4656, and CAV 4904. Three independent, partially dominant genes (Pc-64, Pc-65, Pc-66) in CAV 4248, one partially dominant gene (Pc-67) in CAV 4656, and a dominant gene (Pc-68) in CAV 4904 were identified which conferred resistance to P. coronata. Genes Pc-64, Pc-65, Pc-66, Pc-67, and Pc-68 conferred resistance to 13, 8, 6, 12, and 14 races, respectively, of the 14 races of P. coronata tested. Gene Pc-68 conferred resistance to all field isolates of P. coronata collected in Canada in 1981 and was found to be closely linked or allelic to gene Pc-46. Awns and lemma pubescence were inherited monogenically in crosses with all three CAV accessions. Grey lemma color was controlled by one gene in CAV 4248 and by two genes in CAV 4656. Brown lemma color was controlled by one gene, which was closely linked or pleiotropic with the gene for lemma pubescence in CAV 4904. There was no association between crown rust resistance and the three floret characters studied.

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