Associations between environmental stress, selection history, and quantitative genetic variation in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 127 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Swindell ◽  
Juan L. Bouzat
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Selection History

Environmental stress and quantitative genetic variation in butterfly wing characteristics

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Talloen ◽  
S. Van Dongen ◽  
H. Van Dyck ◽  
L. Lens
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Butterfly Wing ◽  
Quantitative Genetic

scholarly journals Quantitative genetic variation of enzyme activities in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

1980 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 1073-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Laurie-Ahlberg ◽  
G. Maroni ◽  
G. C. Bewley ◽  
J. C. Lucchesi ◽  
B. S. Weir
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Quantitative Genetic

Environmental Stress and Quantitative Genetic Variation

2004 ◽  
pp. 136-150
Author(s):  
Alexandra G. Imasheva ◽  
Volker Loeschcke
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Quantitative Genetic

scholarly journals Comparative losses of quantitative and molecular genetic variation in finite populations of Drosophila melanogaster

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEAN M. GILLIGAN ◽  
DAVID A. BRISCOE ◽  
RICHARD FRANKHAM
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Neutral Theory ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Molecular Genetic Variation

Quantitative genetic variation, the main determinant of the ability to evolve, is expected to be lost in small populations, but there are limited data on the effect, and controversy as to whether it is similar to that for near neutral molecular variation. Genetic variation for abdominal and sternopleural bristle numbers and allozyme heterozygosity were estimated in 23 populations of Drosophila melanogaster maintained at effective population sizes of 25, 50, 100, 250 or 500 for 50 generations, as well as in 19 highly inbred populations and the wild outbred base population. Highly significant negative regressions of proportion of initial genetic variation retained on inbreeding due to finite population size were observed for both quantitative characters (b=−0·67±0·14 and −0·58±0·11) and allozyme heterozygosity (b=−0·79±0·10), and the regression coefficients did not differ significantly. Thus, quantitative genetic variation is being lost at a similar rate to molecular genetic variation. However, genetic variation for all traits was lost at rates significantly slower than predicted by neutral theory, most likely due to associative overdominance. Positive, but relatively low correlations were found among the different measures of genetic variation, but their low magnitudes were attributed to large sampling errors, rather than differences in the underlying processes of loss.

scholarly journals The evolutionary potential of diet-dependent effects on lifespan and fecundity in a multi-parental population of Drosophila melanogaster

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enoch Ng’oma ◽  
Wilton Fidelis ◽  
Kevin M. Middleton ◽  
Elizabeth G. King
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Nutrient Imbalance ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Genetic Parameters

AbstractThe nutritional conditions experienced by a population play a major role in shaping trait evolution in many taxa. Constraints exerted by nutrient limitation or nutrient imbalance can influence the maximal value that fitness components such as reproduction and lifespan attains, and organisms may shift how resources are allocated to different structures and functions in response to changes in nutrition. Whether the phenotypic changes associated with changes in nutrition represent an adaptive response is largely unknown. Further, it is unclear whether the response of fitness components to diet even has the potential to evolve in most systems. In this study, we use an admixed multiparental population of Drosophila melanogaster reared in three different diet conditions to estimate quantitative genetic parameters for lifespan and fecundity. We find significant genetic variation for both traits in our population and show that lifespan has moderate to high heritabilities within diets. Genetic correlations for lifespan between diets were significantly less than one, demonstrating a strong genotype by diet interaction. These findings demonstrate substantial standing genetic variation in our population that is comparable to natural populations and highlights the potential for adaptation to changing nutritional environments.

Maintenance of Quantitative Genetic Variation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Walsh ◽  
Michael Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Genetics ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Wide Range

One of the major unresolved issues in quantitative genetics is what accounts for the amount of standing genetic variation in traits. A wide range of models, all reviewed in this chapter, have been proposed, but none fit the data, either giving too much variation or too little apparent stabilizing selection.

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