scholarly journals Age-related changes in retrobulbar circulation: a literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta P. Wiącek ◽  
Monika Modrzejewska ◽  
Daniel Zaborski
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Colour Doppler Imaging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Retrobulbar Blood Flow ◽  
Circulation Parameters ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract Introduction The advances in research methods used in ophthalmology allow for an increasingly accurate examination of the eyes, as well as the morphology and function of the vessels. Colour Doppler imaging is still the first-line method for the analysis of parameters of retrobulbar circulation. Therefore, the aim of this work was to present the current state of knowledge about anatomical and functional age-related changes in retrobulbar arteries. Methods A literature search was performed mainly based on the PubMed database. Results The anatomy of retrobulbar arteries, histological background of age-related vascular changes, age-related changes in retrobulbar blood flow in the ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, short posterior ciliary arteries, and the reference values for the age-dependent retrobulbar circulation parameters measured by colour Doppler imaging are discussed in this review. Conclusion The age of the subject should always be taken into account when interpreting the parameters of retrobulbar blood flow measured by colour Doppler imaging.

scholarly journals Agreement among three examiners of colour Doppler imaging retrobulbar blood flow velocity measurements

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. e631-e634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiota Founti ◽  
Alon Harris ◽  
Domniki Papadopoulou ◽  
Petros Emmanouilidis ◽  
Brent Siesky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Colour Doppler Imaging ◽  
Retrobulbar Blood Flow

A comparison of colour Doppler imaging of orbital vessels and other methods of blood flow assessment

1995 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom H. Williamson ◽  
Gordon N. Dutton ◽  
Grant M. Baxter ◽  
Andrew Pyott ◽  
William Wykes
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Colour Doppler Imaging

Use of colour Doppler imaging in ocular blood flow research

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. e609-e630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Stalmans ◽  
Evelien Vandewalle ◽  
Douglas R. Anderson ◽  
Vital P. Costa ◽  
Ronald E. P. Frenkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Colour Doppler Imaging

Non-invasive measurement techniques for quantitative assessment of optic nerve head blood flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fia Vosborg ◽  
Lasse Malmqvist ◽  
Steffen Hamann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Laser Speckle Flowgraphy ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Colour Doppler Imaging

Diseases of the optic nerve head involving changes in blood flow are common. However, the pathophysiology is not always fully understood. Several non-invasive methods for measuring optic nerve head blood flow are available, but currently no gold standard has been established. Methods for measuring blood flow in optic neuropathies including colour Doppler imaging, retinal function imager, optical coherence tomography angiography and laser speckle flowgraphy are reviewed. Ultrasound colour Doppler imaging is a fast measurement technique where several different parameters, especially the blood flow velocity, can be calculated. Though used for many years in ophthalmology, its use is not standardized and it requires significant observer skills. The retinal function imager is a direct method where the haemoglobin in erythrocytes is visualized and blood flow velocities in retinal vessels are calculated from a series of photos. The technique is not suitable for direct measurement of blood flow within the optic nerve head. Laser speckle flowgraphy uses a laser light which creates a light scatter pattern in the tissue. Particles moving in the area causes changes in the speckle pattern from which a relative blood flow can be estimated. It is, however, not known whether optic nerve head microcirculation is measurable with the technique. Optical coherence tomography angiography uses multiple scans to evaluate blood flow with good reproducibility but often problems with artefacts. The technique is continuously being refined and increasingly used in research as a tool for the study of blood flow in retinopathies and optic neuropathies. Most of the conducted studies are based on small sample sizes, but some of the methods show promising results in an optic nerve head blood flow research setting. Further and larger studies are required to provide standardized and comparable measurements before one or more of the methods can be considered clinical helpful in daily practice.

scholarly journals Measurement of ocular blood flow velocity using colour doppler imaging in low tension glaucoma

Eye ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahida Butt ◽  
Graham McKillop ◽  
Colm O'Brien ◽  
Paul Allan ◽  
Peter Aspinall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Colour Doppler Imaging ◽  
Low Tension Glaucoma ◽  
Low Tension
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