Spatial distribution pattern in mammal and bird richness and their relationship with ecosystem services in Sanjiangyuan National Park, China

Tarsius lariang (T. lariang) is an endemic species in Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP). Available information regarding T. lariang is limited to only morphological, anatomical, cytogenetic, and voices issues. Knowledge for its geospatial characteristics such as spatial preferences and spatial distribution is rare. The main objective of this study is to identify the spatial distribution pattern of T. lariang in LLNP. An additional objective is to identify the environmental factors affecting its spatial distribution patterns. Field observation for distribution pattern was done at the observation plot that were using systematic sampling with random start. Furthermore, the density estimation in each point was calculated using Triangle Count and Concentration Count method, while insect abundance was estimated using light traps sample data. Finally, spatial pattern was estimated using nearest neighbor index, while the environmental affecting factors were identified by using spatial analysis and correlation analyses. From 45 observation points, the T. lariang distribution pattern was clumped. It is also recognized that the significant factors affecting the spatial distribution were insect abundance, proximity from the commercially utilized land, and land surface temperature.

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The intertidal gastropods (Gastropoda: Mollusca) diversity and taxa distribution in Alas Purwo National Park, East Java, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d200731 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (7) ◽

Author(s):

SUSINTOWATI SUSINTOWATI ◽

NYOMAN PUNIAWATI ◽

ERNY POEDJIRAHAJOE ◽

NIKEN SATUTI NUR HANDAYANI ◽

SUWARNO HADISUSANTO

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Distribution Pattern ◽

National Park ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Principal Component ◽

Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽

Intertidal Zones ◽

Diverse Environment ◽

Morisita Index ◽

Diversity Profile

Abstract. Susintowati, Puniawati N, Poedjirahajoe, Handayani NSN, Hadisusanto S. 2019. The intertidal gastropods (Gastropoda: Mollusca) diversity and taxa distribution in Alas Purwo National Park, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2016-2027. Gastropods play an essential role in the ecosystem and can be used as bioindicators of environmental pollution. Understanding of their behavior, habitat, and distribution, and how these factors evolve, is crucial. This paper aimed to describe the diversity of the gastropod community and their spatial taxa distribution, based on the specimen frequency across all observed samples, in the diverse environment of Alas Purwo National Park (APNP), East Java, Indonesia. We studied eight beaches and two mangroves areas, and the study areas of the intertidal zone divided into upper, middle, and lower zones towards the sea. The purposive sampling was used to determine the locations and multi-plot quadrats for observations. The diversity of gastropods was elucidated by using the Shannon and Simpson indexes, while the Morisita index was applied for analyzing their spatial distribution pattern. However, the correspondence analysis and principal component analysis were performed using the software of PAST 3.22 for describing the diversity profile and individual rarefaction of gastropods together with environmental quality. There were three beach types: rocky, sandy, and muddy beaches were found in APNP. The highest diversity index (H’) was found on Pancur beach: H’ = 3.271, D = 0.947 of 67 species. The spatial distribution pattern of gastropods species was weakly clumped to random, with Ip: 0.165 - 0.016. Gastropods, both predators and scavengers, were distributed from the upper to lower zones. The distribution of gastropods in APNP is mostly in type B. These results expand our knowledge of gastropods diversity and distribution of Indonesia’s beach and can contribute to the future environmental assessments of biodiversity of tropical intertidal zones worldwide.

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