scholarly journals Structure creation in earthen construction materials: information from dry soil mixtures

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Christopher Beckett ◽  
Charles Augarde
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Earthen Construction ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Mixtures

scholarly journals Characterization of different earthen construction materials in oasis of south-eastern Morocco (Errachidia Province)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. e00496
Author(s):  
Abdellah Mellaikhafi ◽  
Amine Tilioua ◽  
Hanène Souli ◽  
Mohammed Garoum ◽  
Moulay Ahmed Alaoui Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Earthen Construction ◽  
Eastern Morocco

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) of the Vistula Bar

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Iwona Adamska ◽  
Beata Czerniawska
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Mixtures ◽  
Plant Families

The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the, phylum <i>Glomeromycota</i> associated with plants of maritime sand dunes of the Vistula Bar localed in north-eastern Poland was investigated. The presence of AMF was revealed based on spores isolated from field-collected root-rhizosphere soil mixtures and two-cycle pot trap cultures established with parts of these mixtures. The mixtures came from under five species in four plant families. Spores of AMF occurred in 54.8% of the field samples and belonged to eight species. Additionally, culturing of root-soil mixtures in trap cultures revealed nine species and three undescribed morphotypes carlier not found in the field samples. Considering the number of records of species and morphotypes in the field samples and trap cultures, the fungal species most frequently occurring in dunes of the Vistula Bar is <i>Scutellospora dipurpurescens</i>, followed by <i>Archaeospora trappei, Glomus laccatum</i>, and <i>Scu. armeniaca</i>. The overall average spore abundance in the field samples is low (4.48, range O-3l in 100g dry soil). The ovcrall average species richness determined based on spores from both the field and trap cultures was 2 l and ranged from 0 lo 7 in 100g dry soil. The plant harbouring the highest number of species of AMF was <i>Festuca rubra</i>. Of the maritime dune sites of Poland examined to date, the species composition of AMF of the Vistula Bar is most similar to that of the Słowiński National Park. When the comparisons included 15 maritime dune areas located outside Poland, the highest similarity occurred in the Vistula Bar/Canada comparison.

scholarly journals Biological susceptibility of earth plasters: The influence of relative humidity on fungal growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Marie Sokolová ◽  
Pavla Ryparová
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Earthen Construction ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Microbiological Agents ◽  
Number Of Authors

All building materials can be affected by microbiological agents during their lifecycle. The presence of microorganisms changes the appearance of the surface, degrading it, and they can even cause health problems to the residents. The biological susceptibility is dependent on the content of nutrient based on organic compounds. Thus one of the most susceptible of those materials are earthen construction materials. The degree of fungal growth is influenced by the chemical composition and plant fibres additives as well as the external conditions such as temperature and relative humidity. The earth plastering mortar has started to gain more attention recently as it is considered to have a low environmental impact and to increase the indoor air quality. Mechanical and physical characteristics of earth materials were studied by a number of authors but the knowledge about the biological resistance of the material is scarce. This study intends to look into the issue of the biological colonisation of earth plasters depending on the relative humidity. The samples, made of four types of earth plasters with different plant fibres, were placed to an environment of the relative humidity ranging from 33% to 100%. During a period of 4 weeks the extent of fungal growth was observed.

An Integrated Geoarchaeology of a Late Woodland Sand Mound

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Sherwood ◽  
John H. Blitz ◽  
Lauren E. Downs
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Late Woodland ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Material Source ◽  
Jackson County ◽  
Mississippi Sound ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Earthen Construction ◽  
Stage Iii A

AbstractThe Graveline Mound (22JA503) is a sand platform mound in Jackson County, Mississippi, built on a low, late Pleistocene terrace on the Mississippi Sound. The Late Woodland mound (A.D. 590–780) is composed of local soils, and its presence today is a testament to the ancient builders’ knowledge of earthen construction materials and methods. Central to the study of the mound is an integrated geoarchaeological approach that uses stratigraphy and micromorphology to decipher material source and selection, construction techniques, and periodicity, in combination with more traditional artifacts, revealing the activities that created this ultimately monumental space. The mound was built in three rapid stages beginning with a low earthwork demarcating a ritual precinct used during late spring/early summer. Stage II quickly followed with a series of alternating zoned fills, sealing the space that was then subsequently covered by Stage III, a massive hard red surface that marked the location with a platform mound.

scholarly journals Durability and hygroscopic behaviour of biopolymer stabilised earthen construction materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 119725 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Muguda ◽  
G. Lucas ◽  
P.N. Hughes ◽  
C.E. Augarde ◽  
C. Perlot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Earthen Construction

scholarly journals Fibre reinforcement in earthen construction materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 169 (5) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Readle ◽  
Sarah Coghlan ◽  
Jonathan C. Smith ◽  
Andrew Corbin ◽  
Charles E. Augarde
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Earthen Construction

scholarly journals Macrostructural changes in compacted earthen construction materials under loading

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. S. Beckett ◽  
M. R. Hall ◽  
C. E. Augarde
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Earthen Construction
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