Numerical study on effects of door-opening on airflow patterns and dynamic cross-contamination in an ISO class 5 operating room

This article presents the results of a numerical study to examine the transport of particles in an operating room equipped with an Econoclean ventilation system. Its aims are to reduce the number of particles falling onto the operating table. A simplified CFD model of the operating room was developed and validated based on the measured air velocity distribution. An SST k-ω turbulent flow model was used to simulate the airflow, while a discrete phase model was used to simulate the movement of the airborne particles. The effects of the standing posture of the surgical staff on the settlement of the particles on the operating table were examined. Results show that under the present ventilation system, when the surgical staff bend forward at an angle of 45°, the number of airborne particles that tend to fall onto the operating table increased by 1.4-fold. Adding an exhaust grille to the operating room does not have any significant effects on the distribution of the airborne particles. However, when a larger air supply diffuser is also used, the number of airborne particles that settled on the operating table was reduced 4-fold. More airborne particles are transported towards the exhaust grilles, and more airborne particles accumulate below the operating table. The present study shows that the usage of large air supply diffuser in the operating room is capable of reducing the number of airborne particles fall onto the operating table. Also, it enhances the efficiency of airborne particle removal.

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Numerical study of temperature-controlled airflow in comparison with turbulent mixing and laminar airflow for operating room ventilation

Building and Environment ◽

10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.08.010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 45-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Cong Wang ◽

Sture Holmberg ◽

Sasan Sadrizadeh

Keyword(s):

Operating Room ◽

Turbulent Mixing ◽

Numerical Study ◽

Room Ventilation ◽

Temperature Controlled

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Does a mobile laminar airflow screen reduce bacterial contamination in the operating room? A numerical study using computational fluid dynamics technique

Patient Safety in Surgery ◽

10.1186/1754-9493-8-27 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sasan Sadrizadeh ◽

Ann Tammelin ◽

Peter V Nielsen ◽

Sture Holmberg

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽

Operating Room ◽

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Numerical Study

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The effect of door opening on air-mixing in a positively pressurized room: implications for operating room air management during the COVID outbreak

Journal of Building Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102900 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102900

Author(s):

Arup Bhattacharya ◽

Ali Ghahramani ◽

Ehsan Mousavi

Keyword(s):

Operating Room ◽

Door Opening ◽

Air Mixing

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Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Cross-Contamination in the Operating Room: A Case Report

Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports ◽

10.1177/23247096211066287 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 232470962110662

Author(s):

Jasmine Ko Aqua ◽

Jill Holdsworth ◽

Eileen Burd ◽

Jesse T. Jacob ◽

Susan M. Ray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Operating Room ◽

Mycobacterium Bovis ◽

False Positive ◽

High Performance ◽

Intravesical Instillation ◽

Cross Contamination ◽

Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽

Case Patient ◽

Source Case ◽

Contamination Event

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) false-positive cultures are commonly attributed to laboratory cross-contamination, but cross-contamination in the operating room (OR) is seldom reported. We report an investigation of cross-contamination in the OR for our case patient, who underwent surgical intervention for a chronic, left-sided breast lesion. Although the case patient had never received Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine or chemotherapy, a subsequent surgical sample culture was identified as MTBC by high-performance liquid chromatography and M. bovis BCG-type by genotyping. A collaborative false-positive investigation was initiated, and we discovered a cross-contamination event in the OR from a source case who received BCG intravesical instillation. Clinicians, public health, and infection control staff should be aware that MTBC cross-contamination in the OR is rare, but possible, and should recognize the importance of conducting thorough false-positive investigations.

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