A Distributed Fault Tolerance Mechanism for Self-Maintenance of Clusters in Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 6891-6907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa M. Elsayed ◽  
Sahar F. Sabbeh ◽  
Alaa M. Riad
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism

Informer homed routing fault tolerance mechanism for wireless sensor networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meikang Qiu ◽  
Zhong Ming ◽  
Jiayin Li ◽  
Jianning Liu ◽  
Gang Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism

A Fuzzy Knowledge Based Fault Tolerance Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 679-697
Author(s):  
Sasmita Acharya ◽  
C. R. Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Adaptive Clustering ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Fuzzy Knowledge

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are the focus of considerable research for different applications. This paper proposes a Fuzzy Knowledge based Artificial Neural Network Routing (ANNR) fault tolerance mechanism for WSNs. The proposed method uses an exponential Bi-directional Associative Memory (eBAM) for the encoding and decoding of data packets and application of Intelligent Sleeping Mechanism (ISM) to conserve energy. A combination of fuzzy rules is used to identify the faulty nodes in the network. The Cluster Head (CH) acts as the data aggregator in the network. It applies the fuzzy knowledge based Node Appraisal Technique (NAT) in order to identify the faulty nodes in the network. The performance of the proposed ANNR is compared with that of Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Dual Homed Routing (DHR) and Informer Homed Routing (IHR) through simulation.

A Fuzzy Knowledge Based Fault Tolerance Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasmita Acharya ◽  
C. R. Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Fuzzy Knowledge

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are the focus of considerable research for different applications. This paper proposes a Fuzzy Knowledge based Artificial Neural Network Routing (ANNR) fault tolerance mechanism for WSNs. The proposed method uses an exponential Bi-directional Associative Memory (eBAM) for the encoding and decoding of data packets and application of Intelligent Sleeping Mechanism (ISM) to conserve energy. A combination of fuzzy rules is used to identify the faulty nodes in the network. The Cluster Head (CH) acts as the data aggregator in the network. It applies the fuzzy knowledge based Node Appraisal Technique (NAT) in order to identify the faulty nodes in the network. The performance of the proposed ANNR is compared with that of Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Dual Homed Routing (DHR) and Informer Homed Routing (IHR) through simulation.

Fault Tolerant Reliable Protocol (FTRP) Performance Evaluation in Wireless Sensor Networks: An Extensitive Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Good Performer ◽  
Wide Range

Fault Tolerant Reliable Protocol (FTRP) is proposed as a novel routing protocol designed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). FTRP offers fault tolerance reliability for packet exchange and support for dynamic network changes. The key concept used is the use of node logical clustering. The protocol delegates the routing ownership to the cluster heads where fault tolerance functionality is implemented. FTRP utilizes cluster head nodes along with cluster head groups to store packets in transient. In addition, FTRP utilizes broadcast, which reduces the message overhead as compared to classical flooding mechanisms. FTRP manipulates Time to Live values for the various routing messages to control message broadcast. FTRP utilizes jitter in messages transmission to reduce the effect of synchronized node states, which in turn reduces collisions. FTRP performance has been extensively through simulations against Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Optimized Link State (OLSR) routing protocols. Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Aggregate Throughput and End-to-End delay (E-2-E) had been used as performance metrics. In terms of PDR and aggregate throughput, it is found that FTRP is an excellent performer in all mobility scenarios whether the network is sparse or dense. In stationary scenarios, FTRP performed well in sparse network; however, in dense network FTRP’s performance had degraded yet in an acceptable range. This degradation is attributed to synchronized nodes states. Reliably delivering a message comes to a cost, as in terms of E-2-E. results show that FTRP is considered a good performer in all mobility scenarios where the network is sparse. In sparse stationary scenario, FTRP is considered good performer, however in dense stationary scenarios FTRP’s E-2-E is not acceptable. There are times when receiving a network message is more important than other costs such as energy or delay. That makes FTRP suitable for wide range of WSNs applications, such as military applications by monitoring soldiers’ biological data and supplies while in battlefield and battle damage assessment. FTRP can also be used in health applications in addition to wide range of geo-fencing, environmental monitoring, resource monitoring, production lines monitoring, agriculture and animals tracking. FTRP should be avoided in dense stationary deployments such as, but not limited to, scenarios where high application response is critical and life endangering such as biohazards detection or within intensive care units.

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