The effect of chlorine on the formation of photochemical oxidants in Southern Telemark, Norway

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Hov
Keyword(s):  
Photochemical Oxidants ◽  
Effect Of Chlorine

Detection of enteric adenoviruses in south African waters using gene probes

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Genthe ◽  
M. Gericke ◽  
B. Bateman ◽  
N. Mjoli ◽  
R. Kfir
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Cellulose Fibre ◽  
Gene Probe ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Gene Probes ◽  
Probe Hybridization ◽  
Enteric Adenoviruses ◽  
Effect Of Chlorine

Gene probes developed locally for both enteric Adenoviruses 40 and 41 were used to determine whether these viruses were present in both raw and treated waters. Approximately sixty water samples were concentrated by ultrafiltration and analysed directly for the presence of enteric adenoviruses. Three pretreatment techniques, namely sephadex columns, cellulose fibre and GenecleanTM were tested for the removal of inhibitory substances from concentrated water samples. The effect of chlorine treatment on viral detection using gene probe hybridization was also examined by exposing adenoviruses to chlorine concentrations of up to 20mg/l for 1 hour. Enteric adenoviruses were detected in up to 59% of both raw and treated waters analysed. Cellulose fibre and GenecleanTM were found to successfully remove inhibitory substances from concentrated raw waters. Viral DNA was detected after exposure to a range of chlorine concentrations indicating that the viruses detected in the treated waters may have been inactivated virus particles.

Effect of Chlorine Dioxide Gas Treatment on Surface Sterilization of Grape

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2939-2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ri Ya Jin ◽  
Shuang Qi Hu ◽  
Zhi Chao Chi
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide Gas ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Effect Of Chlorine

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of concentration and duration of chlorine dioxide gas treatment on Surface sterilization of grape at 25°C. The results showed that the values of inactivate bacterial log reduction ofBotrytis cinerea,Penicilliumandalternariaincreased with the increasing of ClO2gas concentrations and treatment time. When the concentrations and treatment time was about 10 mg/m3and 30 minutes, respectively, more than 4 log reduction was obtained for the three spoilage bacteria on grape surface. Furthermore, the effect of chlorine dioxide gas treatment on quality of grape was investigated. It was found that the contents of vitamin C (Vc) and reducing sugar (RS) in grape also increased compared with grape without ClO2gas treatment.

Photochemical Oxidants: Effect on Starch Hydrolysis in Leaves

Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 168 (3936) ◽  
pp. 1223-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Hanson ◽  
W. S. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Photochemical Oxidants

Effect of Chlorine Atoms for Development of Aluminum Corrosion

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 2170-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Yamashita ◽  
Norio Nunomura
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Charge Density Distribution ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Chlorine Atoms ◽  
Structural And Electronic Properties ◽  
Aluminum Corrosion ◽  
Dft Model ◽  
Low Coverage ◽  
Effect Of Chlorine

Computational density functional theory (DFT) model of the adsorption of chlorine atoms onto the perfect Al (111) surface has been performed. The structural and electronic properties of chlorine atoms adsorbed on the surface are investigated within a supercell approach for chlorine coverages of 0.25, 0.33, 0.5 and 1 ML respectively. It is found that the adsorbates prefer on-top sites over bridge, hcp and fcc sites in low coverage while fcc sites in high coverage, and the binding energy decrease with increase of coverage due to the interactions of chlorine atoms. The discussion of geometrical and electronic analysis by plotting differential charge density distribution and projected density of states (PDOS) are presented.

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