Postmortem examination of the brain in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the main causes of death in adults worldwide. More commonly than in the general population, in patients with AIDS there is substantial disagreement between causes of death which are clinically suspected and those established by postmortem examination. The findings of 52 postmortem examinations were compared to the premortem (clinical) diagnoses, and there was 46% agreement between them. Fifty two percent of the patients had more than one postmortem diagnosis, and 48% had at least one AIDS-related disease not suspected clinically. Cytomegalovirus infection was the commonest (30.7%) autopsy finding, but not a single case had been suspected premortem. Bacterial infection, tuberculosis, and histoplasmosis were also common, sometimes not previously suspected, postmortem findings. This study shows that multiple infections occur simultaneously in AIDS patients, and that many among them are never suspected before the postmortem examination. These findings suggest that an aggressive investigation of infections and cancers should be done in patients with AIDS, particularly in those who do not respond to therapy of an already recognized condition

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Primary Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase–Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of the Brain in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2004-128-324-palkal ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 128 (3) ◽

pp. 324-327

Author(s):

Edward H. Rowsell ◽

Nazila Zekry ◽

Boleslaw H. Liwnicz ◽

Jeffrey D. Cao ◽

Qin Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽

Large Cell Lymphoma ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

The Brain

Abstract Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a unique diagnostic subcategory of the T-cell lymphomas in the current World Health Organization classification. Representing approximately 3% of adult and 10% to 30% of childhood non-Hodgkin lymphomas, anaplastic large cell lymphoma classically consists of CD30+ large lymphoid cells with abundant cytoplasm and pleomorphic, often horseshoe-shaped or kidney-shaped nuclei. Among the reported nodal and extranodal sites of occurrence, the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system have rarely been noted. We report a case of primary anaplastic lymphoma kinase–negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma in the brain of a 46-year-old patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. T-cell lineage was confirmed by T-cell receptor γ chain gene rearrangements using polymerase chain reaction, and extra copies of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene of chromosome 2 were demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. To our knowledge, primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the brain has not previously been reported in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

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Cytomembranous inclusions in the brain of a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Acta Neuropathologica ◽

10.1007/bf00687686 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 101-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

S. Lee ◽

C. Harris ◽

A. Hirschfeld ◽

D. W. Dickson

Keyword(s):

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

The Brain

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Diagnostic imaging of the brain in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Seminars in Ultrasound CT and MRI ◽

10.1016/s0887-2171(98)90056-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 133-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Frances L Chiang ◽

Irwin Walot ◽

Robert M Sinow ◽

C.Mark Mehringer

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Imaging ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

The Brain

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Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation of radiologic and pathologic findings in the brain.

Radiographics ◽

10.1148/radiographics.10.2.2326512 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 201-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

J Balakrishnan ◽

P S Becker ◽

A J Kumar ◽

S J Zinreich ◽

J C McArthur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Pathologic Findings ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

The Brain

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Laryngeal aspergillosis in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100140861 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 112 (5) ◽

pp. 488-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. Delbrouck ◽

G. Chantrain ◽

S. Kampouridis ◽

M. Petein

Keyword(s):

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Vascular Invasion ◽

Postmortem Examination ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Syndrome Patient ◽

Histological Features ◽

Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽

Lower Airways ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

Portal Of Entry

AbstractAspergillosis is a rare infection. It varies considerably in its virulence depending on whether or not the patient affected is immunodepressed. The serious form is characterized by vascular invasion with haematogenic dissemination, tissue infarction andnecrosis. The most often affected site is the lung. A laryngeal localization is exceptional and usually results from dissemination from a lower airways portal of entry. Diagnosisis difficult: cultures are only positive in 50 per cent of cases, while in 60 per cent of cases the characteristic histological features reminiscent of sprigs of mistletoe are only found on postmortem examination. In view of the high morbidity and mortality in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) sufferers, this condition must be treated early and aggressively. Treatment is based essentially on amphotericin B and itraconazole.

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