Medial septal neuron activity in relation to an auditory sensory gating paradigm

The paired-click paradigm (PCP) is widely used to study sensory habituation or gating in a number of psychiatric and neurological conditions. The classic paradigm does not control for attentional factors. In order to assess the influences of incorporating attentional control measures we administered the auditory PCP (S1-S2) in three different attention (passive, auditory attention to S2, visual attention to a concurrent continuous performance task, CPT) conditions to a group of chronic, medicated schizophrenia patients (N = 12) and a group of healthy subjects (N = 15) to evaluate the effects of attention on sensory gating measures. A significant effect of attention on S1 amplitudes was shown for P50 in both groups, and N100 or P200 in schizophrenia patients. Attention status had a significant effect on S2 amplitudes for N100 and P200, and N100 and P200 gating ratios. Despite the effect of attention on S1 P50 amplitudes there was no effect on the gating ratio. In terms of group differences, visual attention to the concurrent CPT during the paired-click sensory gating task significantly enhanced the detection of deficient gating of the N100 and P200 components in schizophrenia patients. The data support the continued utilization of the passive gating paradigm for examining P50 gating but strongly suggest that for studies examining gating of the N100 or P200 components, a visual distraction paradigm may enhance the detection of abnormal gating in schizophrenia patients.

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Ketamine effects on CNS responses assessed with MEG/EEG in a passive auditory sensory-gating paradigm: an attempt for modelling some symptoms of psychosis in man

Journal of Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/0269881107077768 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 321-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Peter H. Boeijinga ◽

L. Soufflet ◽

F. Santoro ◽

R. Luthringer

Keyword(s):

Sensory Gating ◽

Auditory Sensory Gating ◽

Gating Paradigm

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The Influence of Background Auditory Noise on P50 and N100 Suppression Elicited by the Paired-Click Paradigm

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000245 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 171-178

Author(s):

Samantha Major ◽

Kimberly Carpenter ◽

Logan Beyer ◽

Hannah Kwak ◽

Geraldine Dawson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensory Gating ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Inhibitory Response ◽

Future Research ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Optimal Outcomes ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Auditory Sensory Gating ◽

Auditory Noise ◽

P50 Suppression

Abstract. Auditory sensory gating is commonly assessed using the Paired-Click Paradigm (PCP), an electroencephalography (EEG) task in which two identical sounds are presented sequentially and the brain’s inhibitory response to the second sound is measured. Many clinical populations demonstrate reduced P50 and/or N100 suppression. Testing sensory gating in children may help to identify individuals at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders earlier, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which could lead to more optimal outcomes. Minimal research has been done with children because of the difficulty of performing lengthy EEG experiments with young children, requiring them to sit still for long periods of time. We designed a modified, potentially child-friendly version of the PCP and evaluated it in typically developing adults. The PCP was administered twice, once in a traditional silent room (silent movie condition) and once with an audible movie playing (audible movie condition) to minimize boredom and enhance behavioral compliance. We tested whether P50 and N100 suppression were influenced by the presence of the auditory background noise from the movie. N100 suppression was observed in both hemispheres in the silent movie condition and in the left hemisphere only during the audible movie condition, though suppression was attenuated in the audible movie condition. P50 suppression was not observed in either condition. N100 sensory gating was successfully elicited with an audible movie playing during the PCP, supporting the use of the modified task for future research in both children and adults.

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