Chemical effects in the X-ray emission spectra of sulphur

It is well known that chemical bonding affects elemental x-ray emission spectra. The spectra of low atomic number elements show energy shifts which depend on the bonding of the element. To observe these shifts, a high resolution wavelength dispersive (WDS) x-ray spectrometer is required. Intensity variations of the L series can be observed with an EDS system which also show chemical effects.The L Alphal and the L L radiations are produced from a vacancy in the L III shell. Normally the L L line is about 5 to 6% of the intensity of the L Alphal line. However, in the atomic number range of Z=21 to 28, it is easily observed that the L L line becomes more intense. The L Alphal is no longer present at Z=20. These intensity changes are due to the outer electron shells of these atoms being unfilled. The L Alphal comes from the L3-M5 transition, while the L L comes from L3-M1 transition. The M5 (3d level) of the M shell is partially filled for Z=21 to 28; empty for Z<21and full for Z> 28. Holliday observed a Ti LL which was 17% greater than the Ti L Alphal.

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Chemical effects of satellites on X-ray emission spectra-I. Observation of chemical effects in Cl Kα spectra

Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy ◽

10.1016/0584-8547(87)80137-4 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 729-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Jun kawai ◽

Kenji Fujisawa ◽

Yohichi Gohshi ◽

Chikatoshi Satoko

Keyword(s):

Emission Spectra ◽

X Ray ◽

Chemical Effects

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Chemical effects in the Kα and Kβ1,3 of X-ray emission spectra of Fe

Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena ◽

10.1016/j.elspec.2011.11.003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 185 (1-2) ◽

pp. 27-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

E. Baydaş ◽

E. Öz

Keyword(s):

Emission Spectra ◽

X Ray ◽

Chemical Effects

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EXPERIMENT AND THEORY OF THE CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF SATELLITES ON Kα X-RAY EMISSION SPECTRA

Le Journal de Physique Colloques ◽

10.1051/jphyscol:19879128 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 48 (C9) ◽

pp. C9-745-C9-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. KAWAI ◽

C. SATOKO ◽

Y. GOHSHI ◽

Y. NIHEI

Keyword(s):

Emission Spectra ◽

X Ray ◽

Chemical Effects

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Chemical effects of satellites on X-ray emission spectra-III

Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy ◽

10.1016/0584-8547(87)80158-1 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 42 (10) ◽

pp. 1125-1137 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jun Kawai ◽

ChIkatoshi Satoko ◽

Yohichi Gohshi

Keyword(s):

Emission Spectra ◽

X Ray ◽

Chemical Effects

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Chemical State Analysis by Soft X-ray Emission Spectra with Molecular-Orbital Calculations

Advances in X-ray Analysis ◽

10.1154/s0376030800014361 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 91-103

Author(s):

Jun Kawai

Keyword(s):

Molecular Orbital ◽

Emission Spectra ◽

Molecular Orbital Calculation ◽

Chemical State ◽

Molecular Orbital Calculations ◽

Metal Compounds ◽

X Ray ◽

Chemical Effects ◽

Avoided Crossing ◽

Simple Picture

This paper deals with soft X-ray spectra of compounds which have one or more spectator hole(s) in the valence orbitals. The aim is to give a simple picture of the complicated chemical effects and to describe implications of the chemical effects to know the chemical state from the complicated spectra of materials. The first example of the system which has a spectator hole in the valence orbital is the intensity modifications of the shake-off satellites (KM-→LM) in chlorine Kα spectra. The second example of the system which has spectator holes in the valence orbitals is the multiplet structure of Lα spectra of the transition-metal compounds. It is described that the chemical effects of these two systems are clearly interpreted by the avoided crossing [1] of the molecular orbitals, one of which has a localized hole. We also describe the systems which have no spectator holes. The interpretation of the X-ray spectra of these systems are easy by a molecular-orbital calculation at the ground state.

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