Information technology and new organizational forms: destination but no road map?

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Lambert ◽  
Joe Peppard
Author(s):  
Claudio Petti ◽  
Klein Mark

Change in the business environment is pervasive and accelerating. New, agile, and often IT-based organizational forms are emerging. Recent management literature has paid a great deal of attention to observing and advocating this kind of organizational change. Relatively little attention has been given, however, to how to deal practically with these changes. How, for example, can companies foster the business process changes necessary to become agile? How can IT be leveraged for this purpose? In the attempt to provide some insights into these issues, this chapter will present a methodology for redesigning and inventing new business processes that relies on a handbook of process models, and is particularly suited to taking advantage of information technology to enable new organizational forms.


Author(s):  
V. P. Basenko ◽  
V. A. Dianova

The article is devoted to the problems of innovative enterprise development. Since the Russian economy is in a state of financial and economic stagnation, there is a need to apply radically new innovative directions of business activities that ensure the effective use of financial potential within the framework of national projects. Practice shows that today the business sector in Russia is not able to provide a full-fledged demand for new technologies. Therefore, there is a need for substantial state support to provide centralized orders for high-tech industries. There are already examples of combining the efforts of a number of Autonomous economic entities to implement innovative reforms, new organizational forms of interaction have been formed, such as: centers for the implementation of innovative ideas; centers for engineering services; business incubators, etc. The subjects of these organizational forms of cooperation developed and proposed measures aimed at innovative solution of technological problems relevant to the regional economy, as well as for the country as a whole. Link for the efficient interaction of economic agents becomes an inherent characteristic, is the need of implementation of mechanisms of coordination with “network interaction”. It is important to note the fact that the existing relations and forms of regulation of various systems are not permanent, there are no strategic concepts aimed at long-term public and private cooperation.


Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Berry

The relationships between interest groups, political parties, and elections have always been dynamic, but in recent years change has accelerated in ways that have favored some interests over others. This chapter considers these developments as the result of a variety of factors, the most critical of which are the growth of polarization, a new legal landscape for campaign finance, and new organizational forms. The chapter goes on to suggest, that as bipartisanship has ebbed, elections have become winner-take-all affairs and interest groups are pushed to choose sides. The chapter further suggests that the rise of super PACs is especially notable as wealthy individuals have become increasingly important, single sources of campaign money, supplanting in part traditional interest groups, especially conventional PACs. It concludes that even as sums spent by super PACs and other interest groups have skyrocketed, the impact of their direct spending on persuading voters remains uncertain.


2021 ◽  
pp. 102110
Author(s):  
Henk W. Volberda ◽  
Saeed Khanagha ◽  
Charles Baden-Fuller ◽  
Oli R. Mihalache ◽  
Julian Birkinshaw

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimund Hasse ◽  
Eva Passarge

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag untersucht den Einfluss und die Hinterfragung sogenannter Weltmodelle in der Diffusion und Organisation von Innovationen. Nach der Beschreibung des „Silicon Valley”-Weltmodells für Innovationen in Hightech-Sektoren analysieren wir den Biotechnologiesektor in der Schweiz und vergleichen ihn mit diesem Modell. Dieser empirische Fall unterscheidet sich grundlegend vom Weltmodell, und zwar (a) hinsichtlich informeller Kooperationen und technologischer Gemeinschaften (die praktisch fehlen) und (b) im Hinblick auf Beziehungen zwischen Risikokapitalgebern (die sehr dicht sind und stark durch die Pharmaindustrie beeinflusst werden). Zudem präsentieren wir Indizien, die von einer neo-institutionalistischen Warte aus betrachtet auf eine Theoretisierung dieser fallspezifischen Merkmale schließen lassen. Abschließend diskutieren wir die Bedeutung derartiger Theoretisierungen für Prozesse institutionellen Wandels.


10.17816/cp95 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Shmukler ◽  
Larisa G. Movina ◽  
Oleg O. Papsuev ◽  
Lyudmila I. Salnikova ◽  
Nina G. Shashkova ◽  
...  

The article is devoted to the work of the Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry to improve psychiatric care for patients with psychotic disorders. An important feature of this work was an integrated approach, in which the clinical picture of the disease was assessed in close connection with the patient's personal and psychological characteristics, social conditions of his life, therapeutic opportunities, rehabilitation potential and organizational structure of care. The article reflects the results of many years of work of the department of outpatient psychiatry and the organization of psychiatric care under the guidance of Professor I.Ya. Gurovich. The results of scientific research carried out by the staff of the institute in a traditional humanistic manner are presented. The translational nature of the research is emphasized by its inextricable link with clinical and social approaches. As a result of many years of work, a concept was developed to provide assistance to various groups of patients, starting with the first manifestations of the disease and ending with cases of long-term chronic disorders with a pronounced level of social maladaptation. As a result, a whole spectrum of new organizational forms of psychiatric care was proposed, such as departments (clinics) of the first psychotic episode, medical rehabilitation departments, assertive community treatment departments, designed for the most difficult patients. These organizational forms were fixed in the regulatory documents of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation. To date, the above departments have been established in psychiatric institutions in many regions of the Russian Federation. Further development of this area is associated with neurobiological research to identify complex biomarkers of psychotic spectrum disorders. Thus, the research carried out at the present time preserves the tradition of an integrated clinical and social approach to the study of mental disorders. It is shown that an important advantage of this approach is their translational nature.


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