PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOPOLYMERS IN DILUTE SOLUTIONS

1933 ◽

Vol 112 (776) ◽

pp. 224-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Vitreous Body ◽

Dilute Solutions

A study of the physical properties of the vitreous body shows that it is a gel possessed of several characteristic physical properties (Duke-Elder, 1929), many of which seem to be of important to determine whether these properties were unique or if they could be reproduced in another system. Observations were accordingly made of the behaviour of the gel which results on the coagulation of very diluted plasma. Whole blood taken from a horse was transported to the laboratory in a cooled paraffin-coated jar to prevent coagulation, and was centrifuged in waxed tubes until a clear plasma resulted. This was diluted with normal saline in varying proportions and the resultant solutions allowed to coagulate at 30° C. It was found that the diluted plasma would not coagulate unless inoculated with a few drops of uncentrifuged blood, or some of the serum expressed from a clot; thereafter, coagulation took place in 1 to 3 hours, the most dilute solutions being the last to clot.

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Osmotic Properties of Amphibian Muscles

The Journal of General Physiology ◽

10.1085/jgp.49.1.37 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 37-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Emil Bozler

Keyword(s):

Hydrostatic Pressure ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Cardiac Muscle ◽

Divalent Cations ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Dilute Solutions ◽

Ringer’S Solution ◽

Hypertonic Solutions ◽

Osmotic Properties

Changes in the volume of fiber water in hypotonic and hypertonic Ringer's solution were determined for the sartorius, stomach, and cardiac muscle of the frog using two methods. Loss of water in hypertonic solutions was nearly the same in all muscles, but swelling in hypotonic solutions was greatest in the sartorius, smallest in the heart. For the sartorius the deviation from the properties of an osmometer can be accounted for by a loss of electrolyte and by assuming that a small part of the fiber water is bound, but this appears insufficient to explain the behavior of stomach and cardiac muscle in hypotonic solutions. In very dilute solutions of CaCl2 and MgCl2 a large difference in concentration of electrolytes is maintained between the fibers and the medium. Under these conditions divalent cations, accumulating in the fibers, produce a change in physical properties which indicates increased internal cross-linking. It is suggested, therefore, that swelling is limited as in a gel and that a considerable hydrostatic pressure may develop within the fibers.

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EFFECTS OF SODIUM SULFATE AND SODIUM CARBONATE SOLUTIONS ON CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A CHERNOZEM SOIL

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss73-057 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 399-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. R. CAIRNS ◽

I. SZABOLCS

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Sodium Carbonate ◽

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Chernozem Soil ◽

Soil Columns ◽

Dilute Solutions ◽

Water Leaching ◽

Carbonate Solutions ◽

Downward Displacement

Dilute solutions (0.01 N and 0.1 N) of Na2SO4 and Na2CO3 in comparison with water were allowed to penetrate columns of Chernozem Ah horizon soil, which were then subjected to the penetration of water. Although the Na2SO4 solutions penetrated the soil columns slightly more readily than the Na2CO3 solutions, at equal concentrations they were just as or more effective in dispersing the soil and blocking the subsequent entry of water. Leaching with Na2SO4 caused a downward displacement of calcium.

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Thermodynamic and physical properties of crystals formed from dilute solutions

Polymer Engineering & Science ◽

10.1002/pen.760090405 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 255-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

L. Mandelkern

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Dilute Solutions

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The Photometric Properties of the Ap Stars

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100080684 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 365-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Hauck

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Ap Stars

The Ap stars are numerous - the photometric systems tool It would be very tedious to review in detail all that which is in the literature concerning the photometry of the Ap stars. In my opinion it is necessary to examine the problem of the photometric properties of the Ap stars by considering first of all the possibility of deriving some physical properties for the Ap stars, or of detecting new ones. My talk today is prepared in this spirit. The classification by means of photoelectric photometric systems is at the present time very well established for many systems, such as UBV, uvbyβ, Vilnius, Geneva and DDO systems. Details and methods of classification can be found in Golay (1974) or in the proceedings of the Albany Colloquium edited by Philip and Hayes (1975).

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The Infection of Cells by Bullet-Shaped Viruses

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100063779 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 372-373

Author(s):

Frederick A. Murphy ◽

Alyne K. Harrison ◽

Sylvia G. Whitfield

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Host Cell ◽

Thin Section ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Cell Infection ◽

Thin Section Electron Microscopy ◽

Section Electron ◽

Section Electron Microscopy

The bullet-shaped viruses are currently classified together on the basis of similarities in virion morphology and physical properties. Biologically and ecologically the member viruses are extremely diverse. In searching for further bases for making comparisons of these agents, the nature of host cell infection, both in vivo and in cultured cells, has been explored by thin-section electron microscopy.

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Transmission electron microscopy of composite materials

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100107125 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 1012-1015

Author(s):

K.P.D. Lagerlof

Keyword(s):

Composite Materials ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Structural Defects ◽

Structural Composites ◽

Multiphase Materials ◽

Structural Reinforcement ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Reinforced Fiber ◽

Particulate Reinforced Composites ◽

Definition Of

Although most materials contain more than one phase, and thus are multiphase materials, the definition of composite materials is commonly used to describe those materials containing more than one phase deliberately added to obtain certain desired physical properties. Composite materials are often classified according to their application, i.e. structural composites and electronic composites, but may also be classified according to the type of compounds making up the composite, i.e. metal/ceramic, ceramic/ceramie and metal/semiconductor composites. For structural composites it is also common to refer to the type of structural reinforcement; whisker-reinforced, fiber-reinforced, or particulate reinforced composites [1-4].For all types of composite materials, it is of fundamental importance to understand the relationship between the microstructure and the observed physical properties, and it is therefore vital to properly characterize the microstructure. The interfaces separating the different phases comprising the composite are of particular interest to understand. In structural composites the interface is often the weakest part, where fracture will nucleate, and in electronic composites structural defects at or near the interface will affect the critical electronic properties.

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