In this work, the application status and significance of Fiber Bragg Gratings(FBGs) and Three-dimensional (3-D) braided composites were briefly introduced, so were the fundamental structure of 3-D braided composites and the sensing mechanism of FBGs in them. Combined with the characteristics of 3-D braiding technology, this paper presents a primary theoretical solution for synchronously monitoring temperature and strain inside Three-dimensional (3-D) braided composites, and further analysis were made about it. It was shown by experiment that the application of FBGs in the structure health monitoring in 3-D braided composites has great potential.