Size distributions of nano/micron dicarboxylic acids and inorganic ions in suburban PM episode and non-episodic aerosol

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (29) ◽  
pp. 4396-4406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ying Hsieh ◽  
Su-Ching Kuo ◽  
Chien-Lung Chen ◽  
Ying I. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Size Distributions

scholarly journals Size distributions, sources and source areas of water-soluble organic carbon in urban background air

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 5635-5647 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Timonen ◽  
S. Saarikoski ◽  
O. Tolonen-Kivimäki ◽  
M. Aurela ◽  
K. Saarnio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Wood Combustion ◽  
Urban Background ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract. This paper represents the results of one year long measurement period of the size distributions of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), inorganic ions and gravimetric mass of particulate matter. Measurements were done at an urban background station (SMEAR III) by using a micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI). The site is located in northern European boreal region in Helsinki, Finland. The WSOC size distribution measurements were completed with the chemical analysis of inorganic ions, organic carbon (OC) and monosaccharide anhydrides from the filter samples (particle aerodynamic diameter smaller than 1 μm, PM1). Gravimetric mass concentration varied during the MOUDI samplings between 3.4 and 55.0 μg m−3 and the WSOC concentrations were between 0.3 and 7.4 μg m−3. On average, water-soluble particulate organic matter (WSPOM, WSOC multiplied by 1.6 to convert the analyzed carbon mass to organic matter mass) comprised 25±7.7% and 7.5±3.4% of aerosol PM1 mass and the PM1–10 mass, respectively. Inorganic ions contributed 33±12% and 28±19% of the analyzed PM1 and PM1–10 aerosol mass. Five different aerosol categories corresponding to different sources or source areas were identified (long-range transport aerosols, biomass burning aerosols from wild land fires and from small-scale wood combustion, aerosols originating from marine areas and from the clean arctic areas). Categories were identified mainly using levoglucosan concentration level for wood combustion and air mass backward trajectories for other groups. Clear differences in WSOC concentrations and size distributions originating from different sources or source areas were observed, although there are also many other factors which might affect the results. E.g. the local conditions and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aerosols as well as various transformation processes are likely to have an impact on the measured aerosol composition. Using the source categories, it was identified that especially the oxidation products of biogenic VOCs in summer had a clear effect on WSOC concentrations.

Seasonal and rainfall-type variations in inorganic ions and dicarboxylic acids and acidity of wet deposition samples collected from subtropical East Asia

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (21) ◽  
pp. 3535-3547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying I. Tsai ◽  
Li-Ying Hsieh ◽  
Su-Ching Kuo ◽  
Chien-Lung Chen ◽  
Pei-Ling Wu
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Rainfall Type

Mass Size Distributions and Precursor Gas Concentrations of Major Inorganic Ions in'Antarctic Aerosol

1998 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 353-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Hillamo ◽  
Ivo Allegrini ◽  
Roberto Sparapani ◽  
Veli-Matti Kerminen
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Mass Size

scholarly journals Qualitative and quantitative determination of water in airborne particulate matter

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 27367-27393
Author(s):  
S. Canepari ◽  
C. Farao ◽  
E. Marconi ◽  
C. Giovannelli ◽  
C. Perrino
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Field Samples

Abstract. This paper describes the optimization and validation of a new simple method for the quantitative determination of water in atmospheric particulate matter (PM). The analyses are performed by using a coulometric Karl-Fisher system equipped with a controlled heating device; different water contributions are separated by the application of an optimized thermal ramp (three heating steps: 50–120 °C, 120–180 °C, 180–250 °C). The analytical performance of the method was verified by using standard materials containing 5.55% and 1% by weight of water. The recovery was greater than 95%; the detection limit was about 20 μg. The method was then applied to NIST reference materials (NIST1649a, urban particulate matter) and to real PM10 samples collected in different geographical areas. In all cases the repeatability was satisfactory (10–15%). When analyzing the reference material, the separation of four different types of water was obtained. In real PM10 samples the amount of water and its thermal profile differed as a function of the chemical composition of the dust. Mass percentages of 3–4% of water were obtained in most samples, but values up to about 15% were reached in areas where the chemical composition of PM is dominated by secondary inorganic ions and organic matter. High percentages of water were also observed in areas where PM is characterized by the presence of desert dust. A possible identification of the quality of water released from the samples was tried by applying the method to some hygroscopic compounds that are likely contained in PM (pure SiO2, Al2O3, ammonium salts, carbohydrates and dicarboxylic acids) and by comparing the results with those obtained from field samples.

scholarly journals Size distributions, sources and source areas of water-soluble organic carbon in urban background air

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7847-7881 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Timonen ◽  
S. Saarikoski ◽  
O. Tolonen-Kivimäki ◽  
M. Aurela ◽  
K. Saarnio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Urban Background ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract. This paper represents the results of one year long measurement period of the size distributions of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), inorganic ions and gravimetric mass of particulate matter. Measurements were done at an urban background station (SMEAR III) by using a micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI). The site is located in northern European boreal region in Helsinki, Finland. The WSOC size distribution measurements were completed with the chemical analysis of inorganic ions, organic carbon (OC) and monosaccharide anhydrides from the filter samples. During the measurements gravimetric mass in the MOUDI collections varied between 3.4 and 55.0 μg m−3 and the WSOC concentration was between 0.3 and 7.4 μg m−3. On average, water-soluble particulate organic matter (WSPOM, WSOC multiplied by 1.6) comprised 25±7.7% and 7.5±3.4% of aerosol PM1 mass and the PM1−10 mass, respectively. Inorganic ions contributed 33±12% and 28±19% of the analyzed PM1 and PM1−10 aerosol mass. Five different aerosol categories corresponding to different sources or source areas were identified (long-range transport aerosols, biomass burning aerosols from wild land fires and from small-scale wood combustion, aerosols originating from marine areas and from the clean arctic areas). Clear differences in WSOC concentrations and size distributions originating from different sources or source areas were observed, although there are also many other factors which might affect the results. E.g. the local conditions and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aerosols as well as various transformation processes are likely to have an impact on the measured aerosol composition. Using the source categories, it was identified that especially the oxidation products of biogenic VOCs in summer had a clear effect on WSOC concentrations.

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