Why do we move our eyes while trying to remember? The relationship between non-visual gaze patterns and memory

Abstract Background The adenoma detection rate (ADR) is an important quality indicator in colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in visual gaze patterns (VGPs) with increasing polyp detection rate (PDR), a surrogate marker of ADR. Methods 18 endoscopists participated in the study. VGPs were measured using eye-tracking technology during the withdrawal phase of colonoscopy. VGPs were characterized using two analyses – screen and anatomy. Eye-tracking parameters were used to characterize performance, which was further substantiated using hidden Markov model (HMM) analysis. Results Subjects with higher PDRs spent more time viewing the outer ring of the 3 × 3 grid for both analyses (screen-based: r = 0.56, P = 0.02; anatomy: r = 0.62, P < 0.01). Fixation distribution to the “bottom U” of the screen in screen-based analysis was positively correlated with PDR (r = 0.62, P = 0.01). HMM demarcated the VGPs into three PDR groups. Conclusion This study defined distinct VGPs that are associated with expert behavior. These data may allow introduction of visual gaze training within structured training programs, and have implications for adoption in higher-level assessment.

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S1404: Association Between Visual Gaze Patterns and Adenoma Detection Rate During Colonoscopy

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽

10.1016/j.gie.2010.03.178 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 71 (5) ◽

pp. AB152

Author(s):

Cristina Almansa ◽

Muhammad W. Shahid ◽

Susanne Preissler ◽

Michael B. Wallace

Keyword(s):

Detection Rate ◽

Adenoma Detection Rate ◽

Gaze Patterns ◽

Adenoma Detection ◽

Visual Gaze

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A new way to look at simulation-based assessment: the relationship between gaze-tracking and exam performance

CJEM ◽

10.1017/cem.2018.391 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 129-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Adam Szulewski ◽

Rylan Egan ◽

Andreas Gegenfurtner ◽

Daniel Howes ◽

Gerhard Dashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽

Information Gathering ◽

Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Gaze Tracking ◽

Gaze Patterns ◽

Abdominal Aortic ◽

Simulation Based ◽

The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveA key task of the team leader in a medical emergency is effective information gathering. Studying information gathering patterns is readily accomplished with the use of gaze-tracking glasses. This technology was used to generate hypotheses about the relationship between performance scores and expert-hypothesized visual areas of interest in residents across scenarios in simulated medical resuscitation examinations.MethodsEmergency medicine residents wore gaze-tracking glasses during two simulation-based examinations (n=29 and 13 respectively). Blinded experts assessed video-recorded performances using a simulation performance assessment tool that has validity evidence in this context. The relationships between gaze patterns and performance scores were analyzed and potential hypotheses generated. Four scenarios were assessed in this study: diabetic ketoacidosis, bradycardia secondary to beta-blocker overdose, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and metabolic acidosis caused by antifreeze ingestion.ResultsSpecific gaze patterns were correlated with objective performance. High performers were more likely to fixate on task-relevant stimuli and appropriately ignore task-irrelevant stimuli compared with lower performers. For example, shorter latency to fixation on the vital signs in a case of diabetic ketoacidosis was positively correlated with performance (r=0.70, p<0.05). Conversely, total time spent fixating on lab values in a case of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm was negatively correlated with performance (r= −0.50, p<0.05).ConclusionsThere are differences between the visual patterns of high and low-performing residents. These findings may allow for better characterization of expertise development in resuscitation medicine and provide a framework for future study of visual behaviours in resuscitation cases.

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