scholarly journals Chromosome genomics uncovers plant genome organization and function

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 107659
Author(s):  
Jana Zwyrtková ◽  
Hana Šimková ◽  
Jaroslav Doležel
Author(s):  
Nadine Übelmesser ◽  
Argyris Papantonis

Abstract The way that chromatin is organized in three-dimensional nuclear space is now acknowledged as a factor critical for the major cell processes, like transcription, replication and cell division. Researchers have been armed with new molecular and imaging technologies to study this structure-to-function link of genomes, spearheaded by the introduction of the ‘chromosome conformation capture’ technology more than a decade ago. However, this technology is not without shortcomings, and novel variants and orthogonal approaches are being developed to overcome these. As a result, the field of nuclear organization is constantly fueled by methods of increasing resolution and/or throughput that strive to eliminate systematic biases and increase precision. In this review, we attempt to highlight the most recent advances in technology that promise to provide novel insights on how chromosomes fold and function.


2007 ◽  
Vol 363 (1491) ◽  
pp. 591-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S Dennis ◽  
Jeffrey Ellis ◽  
Allan Green ◽  
Danny Llewellyn ◽  
Matthew Morell ◽  
...  

The current tools of enquiry into the structure and operation of the plant genome have provided us with an understanding of plant development and function far beyond the state of knowledge that we had previously. We know about key genetic controls repressing or stimulating the cascades of gene expression that move a plant through stages in its life cycle, facilitating the morphogenesis of vegetative and reproductive tissues and organs. The new technologies are enabling the identification of key gene activity responses to the range of biotic and abiotic challenges experienced by plants. In the past, plant breeders produced new varieties with changes in the phases of development, modifications of plant architecture and improved levels of tolerance and resistance to environmental and biotic challenges by identifying the required phenotypes in a few plants among the large numbers of plants in a breeding population. Now our increased knowledge and powerful gene sequence-based diagnostics provide plant breeders with more precise selection objectives and assays to operate in rationally planned crop improvement programmes. We can expect yield potential to increase and harvested product quality portfolios to better fit an increasing diversity of market requirements. The new genetics will connect agriculture to sectors beyond the food, feed and fibre industries; agri-business will contribute to public health and will provide high-value products to the pharmaceutical industry as well as to industries previously based on petroleum feedstocks and chemical modification processes.


FEBS Letters ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 244 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio E. Celis ◽  
Gitte P. Ratz ◽  
Peder Madsen ◽  
Borbala Gesser ◽  
Jette B. Lauridsen ◽  
...  

Genetics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 205 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri B. Schwartz ◽  
Giacomo Cavalli

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document