scholarly journals Development and effectiveness of pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 system as determined by neutralizing efficiency and entry inhibition test in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Yang ◽  
Baoying Huang ◽  
Ruhan A ◽  
Wenhui Li ◽  
Wenling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Entry Inhibition

Hypercoagulability Syndrome Due to Heparin Co-Factor Deficiency

1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J Koszewski ◽  
H Vahabzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Factor Deficiency ◽  
Heparin Resistance ◽  
Fever Therapy ◽  
Intensive Course ◽  
Plasma Infusions

SummaryA case of hypercoagulability syndrome in a 35 years old male is reported. An abnormal heparin resistance was found which could be defined by means of a heparin clot-inhibition test as a deficiency in heparin co-factor. The required anticoagulant doses of heparin were forty times as high as in cases with intact heparin co-factor. The factor seemed to be used up in the process of coagulation, as plasma, but not serum, was able to correct the deficiency in vitro. Plasma infusions were helpful for four days, but a complete recovery was achieved only after an intensive course of fever therapy.The phenomenon of blood clotting should be regarded as a dynamic process which is facilitated by an array of clot promoting factors and opposed by a system of natural anticoagulants.

scholarly journals Immunity to pathogenic free-living amoebae: role of cell-mediated immunity

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-410
Author(s):  
R T Cursons ◽  
T J Brown ◽  
E A Keys ◽  
K M Moriarty ◽  
D Till
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Free Living

The role of cell-mediated immunity in defense against pathogenic free-living amoebae was examined. Both the in vitro macrophage inhibition test and the in vivo delayed hypersensitivity test showed responses to both heterologous and homologous antigens, although homologous systems were the most efficient. It is suggested that exposure to nonpathogenic species of free-living amoebae can stimulate the immune system to be effective against pathogenic species. The significance of cell-mediated immunity as a defense against invasion by pathogenic free-living amoebae is discussed.

Optimal age of Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae (L3) for the in vitro larval exsheathment inhibition test under tropical conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 109027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mancilla-Montelongo ◽  
Gloria Sarahi Castañeda-Ramírez ◽  
Alhely Can-Celis ◽  
José Israel Chan-Pérez ◽  
Carlos Alfredo Sandoval-Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Trichostrongylus Colubriformis ◽  
Tropical Conditions

In vitro detection of cellular immunity to melanoma antigens in man by the monocyte spreading inhibition test

1976 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Mažuran ◽  
H. Mujagic ◽  
B. Malenica ◽  
V. Silobrčic
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Melanoma Antigens

Studies of the rosette inhibition test in pregnant mice: evidence of immunosuppression?

1976 ◽  
Vol 193 (1113) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Serum Factor ◽  
Normal Spleen ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Spleen Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphocyte Reactivity

The rosette inhibition test has been utilized as a measure of immunosuppression following organ transplantation, and we have recently demonstrated that it can also be used in detecting a state of depression of lymphocyte reactivity occurring in pregnant mice. If the depression of lymphocyte reactivity provides an indication of immunosuppression, then this study has shown that, in the mouse, the spleen lymphocytes are immunosuppressed as early as 4 h after fertilization. This state persists for 13–15 days, with a return to normal 4–6 days before full term. A similar depression of normal spleen lymphocytes can be induced in vitro by incubating these lymphocytes with serum taken from pregnant mice 6 and 24 h after mating. The serum factor detected was shown to be stable when heated at 56 °C but not at 72 °C, and to be non-dialysable. It was detected in serum to a dilution of 1 in 64. Further work is being undertaken to investigate this phenomenon and to pursue the purification and identification of the pregnancy factor.

An in vitro growth inhibition test for measuring the potency of Leptospira spp. Sejroe group vaccine in buffaloes

Biologicals ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo de Nardi Júnior ◽  
Margareth Elide Genovez ◽  
Marcio Garcia Ribeiro ◽  
Vanessa Castro ◽  
André Mendes Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition Test ◽  
Leptospira Spp

scholarly journals Molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 cell entry inhibition via TMPRSS2 by Camostat and Nafamostat mesylate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Hempel ◽  
Lluís Raich ◽  
Simon Olsson ◽  
Nurit P. Azouz ◽  
Andrea M. Klingler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Equilibrium Structure ◽  
Cell Entry ◽  
Markov Modeling ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Experimental Structure ◽  
Nafamostat Mesylate ◽  
Entry Inhibition

AbstractThe entry of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 into human cells can be inhibited by the approved drugs camostat and nafamostat. Here we elucidate the molecular mechanism of these drugs by combining experiments and simulations. In vitro assays confirm the hypothesis that both drugs act by inhibiting the human protein TMPRSS2. As no experimental structure is available, we provide a model of the TMPRSS2 equilibrium structure and its fluctuations by relaxing an initial homology structure with extensive 280 microseconds of all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) and Markov modeling. We describe the binding mode of both drugs with TMPRSS2 in a Michaelis complex (MC) state preceding the formation of a long-lived covalent inhibitory state. We find that nafamostat to has a higher MC population, which in turn leads to the more frequent formation of the covalent complex and thus higher inhibition efficacy, as confirmed in vitro and consistent with previous virus cell entry assays. Our TMPRSS2-drug structures are made public to guide the design of more potent and specific inhibitors.

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