Natural binocular depth discrimination behavior In mice explained by visual cortical activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard C. Boone ◽  
Jason M. Samonds ◽  
Emily C. Crouse ◽  
Carrie Barr ◽  
Nicholas J. Priebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Binocular Depth

scholarly journals Correlated structure of neuronal firing in macaque visual cortex limits information for binocular depth discrimination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Earle Tulonen Smith ◽  
Andrew J Parker
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Temporal Scale ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Binocular Stereo ◽  
Integrative Processing ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Binocular Depth

Variability in cortical neural activity potentially limits sensory discriminations. Theoretical work shows that information required to discriminate two similar stimuli is limited by the correlation structure of cortical variability. We investigated these information-limiting correlations by recording simultaneously from visual cortical areas V1 and V4 in macaque monkeys, performing a binocular, stereo-depth discrimination task. Within both areas, noise correlations on a rapid temporal scale (20-30ms) were stronger for neuron-pairs with similar selectivity for binocular depth, meaning that these correlations potentially limit information for making the discrimination. Between-area correlations (V1 to V4) were different, being weaker for neuron pairs with similar tuning, and having a slower temporal scale (100+ms). Fluctuations in these information-limiting correlations just prior to the detection event were associated with changes in behavioral accuracy. Although these correlations limit the recovery of information about sensory targets, their impact may be curtailed by integrative processing of signals across multiple brain areas.

scholarly journals Correlated structure of neuronal firing in macaque visual cortex limits information for binocular depth discrimination

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson E. T. Smith ◽  
Andrew J. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Temporal Scale ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Binocular Stereo ◽  
Integrative Processing ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Binocular Depth

ABSTRACTVariability in cortical neural activity potentially limits sensory discriminations. Theoretical work shows that information required to discriminate two similar stimuli is limited by the correlation structure of cortical variability. We investigated these information-limiting correlations by recording simultaneously from visual cortical areas V1 and V4 in macaque monkeys, performing a binocular, stereo-depth discrimination task. Within both areas, noise correlations on a rapid temporal scale (20-30ms) were stronger for neuron-pairs with similar selectivity for binocular depth, meaning that these correlations potentially limit information for making the discrimination. Between-area correlations (V1 to V4) were different, being weaker for neuron pairs with similar tuning, and having a slower temporal scale (100+ms). Fluctuations in these information-limiting correlations just prior to the detection event were associated with changes in behavioural accuracy. Although these correlations limit the recovery of information about sensory targets, their impact may be curtailed by integrative processing of signals across multiple brain areas.

scholarly journals Binocular depth discrimination and estimation beyond interaction space

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Allison ◽  
B. J. Gillam ◽  
E. Vecellio
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Space ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Binocular Depth

scholarly journals Cross-modal orienting of exogenous attention results in visual-cortical facilitation, not suppression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Keefe ◽  
Emilia Pokta ◽  
Viola S. Störmer
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Exogenous Attention ◽  
Peripheral Target ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Auditory Cue ◽  
Visual Cortical

AbstractAttention may be oriented exogenously (i.e., involuntarily) to the location of salient stimuli, resulting in improved perception. However, it is unknown whether exogenous attention improves perception by facilitating processing of attended information, suppressing processing of unattended information, or both. To test this question, we measured behavioral performance and cue-elicited neural changes in the electroencephalogram as participants (N = 19) performed a task in which a spatially non-predictive auditory cue preceded a visual target. Critically, this cue was either presented at a peripheral target location or from the center of the screen, allowing us to isolate spatially specific attentional activity. We find that both behavior and attention-mediated changes in visual-cortical activity are enhanced at the location of a cue prior to the onset of a target, but that behavior and neural activity at an unattended target location are equivalent to that following a central cue that does not direct attention (i.e., baseline). These results suggest that exogenous attention operates solely via facilitation of information at an attended location.

FEF TMS Affects Visual Cortical Activity

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C.J. Taylor ◽  
A. C. Nobre ◽  
M. F.S. Rushworth
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Visual Cortical

scholarly journals The neural mechanism of binocular depth discrimination

1967 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Barlow ◽  
C. Blakemore ◽  
J. D. Pettigrew
Keyword(s):  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Binocular Depth

Effects of Viewing Distance, Low Ambient Temperature and Wind Exposure on Binocular Depth Discrimination

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 647-656
Author(s):  
John L. Kobrick
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Wind Exposure ◽  
Natural Terrain ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Binocular Depth

A study was conducted of the effects of exposure to combinations of low ambient temperatures (70°, 20°, 0°, −20°, −40°F) and wind (3, 10, 20, 30 mph) upon binocular depth discrimination at three viewing distances (20, 40, 60 ft.). 60 groups of 8 Ss each were randomly assigned to one of 60 possible treatment combinations in a factorial design, and binocularly performed depth equality settings using the Howard-Dolman task. The results indicated significant main effects for temperature, wind, and viewing distance, as well as a significant T × W interaction, which occurred for a very brief exposure duration of 1 min. The results are interpreted in light of previous findings for binocular viewing over natural terrain, supporting the notion of two types of stereoscopic threshold, i.e., true stereopsis (ηt) and relative sensitivity in commonplace viewing (ηR).

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