scholarly journals Cognitive strategies of analogical reasoning in design: Differences between expert and novice designers

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgu Ozkan ◽  
Fehmi Dogan
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Expert And Novice ◽  
Novice Designers

scholarly journals COMPARING DESIGN OUTCOMES ACHIEVED BY TEAMS OF EXPERT AND NOVICE DESIGNERS THROUGH AGENT-BASED SIMULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 661-670
Author(s):  
Harshika Singh ◽  
Gaetano Cascini ◽  
Christopher McComb
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based Simulation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Expert And Novice ◽  
Novice Designers

AbstractPrevious research has shown that experienced and novice individuals behave and think differently. Although experienced individuals are better at solving problems, organisations are constantly forming teams of experienced and novice designers to work together on their projects. It is crucial to understand how these teams affect the design outcomes. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate how collaborative design teams perform when composed of varying numbers of experienced and novice agents. Specifically in this paper, teams work on a routine task and design outcomes are measured in terms of quality, variety, and exploration of the design space. Since the parameters in the empirical laboratory experiments are difficult to control, an agent-based model was used to simulate these teams. In general, the results show that a team of novice agents with a small number of experienced agents produces solutions of higher quality than an all novice team of agents. However, an all novice team of agents does provide a higher variety of solutions. These results have important implications when teams of experienced and novice designers are formed to work together in practice.

How do analogizing and mental simulation influence team dynamics in innovative product design?

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernan Casakin ◽  
Linden J. Ball ◽  
Bo T. Christensen ◽  
Petra Badke-Schaub
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Mental Simulation ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Team Dynamics ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Team Collaboration ◽  
Solution Generation ◽  
Function Finding

AbstractThe aim of this study was to gain further insight into how analogical reasoning and mental simulation, two cognitive strategies, influence team dynamics in innovative product design. A particular emphasis was placed on exploring the association between these two strategies and team cohesion and team collaboration. Analogies were coded for “analogical distance” (i.e., within domain or between domain) and “analogical purpose” (i.e., problem identification, function finding, solution generation, and explanation). The results indicated that the presence of either analogizing or mental simulation was related to team cohesion and team collaboration, with mental simulation having an especially marked association with team collaboration. Within-domain analogizing was found to enhance team collaboration, but it did not influence team cohesion. Furthermore, all types of analogical purpose showed a similar association with team cohesion, whereas solution generation and function finding had a stronger association with team collaboration. We propose that analogizing and mental simulations are strategies that serve valuable functions in engendering enhanced cohesion and collaboration, which might be expected to lead to more effective design outcomes, although this remains an empirical question in need of further corroboration.

But Is It Creative? Delineating the Impact of Expertise and Concept Ratings on Creative Concept Selection

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Gosnell ◽  
Scarlett R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Concept Selection ◽  
Expert And Novice ◽  
Human Perceptions ◽  
Novice Designers ◽  
The Impact

While creativity is often stressed in the conceptual phases of design, it is rarely considered during the concept selection process. Before effective methods can be developed to aid in creative concept section, however, differences in the perceptions of creativity between expert and novice designers and the influence of creativity evaluation methods on the process must be considered. Therefore, this paper was developed to address these questions by studying 11 expert and 11 novice designers. Specifically the study was developed to understand if experts' and novices' perception of a concepts creativity aligned, to introduce and compare the utility of our tool for assessing semantic creativity (TASC) to existing creativity evaluation methods, and to identify if our TASC method could be used as a proxy for expert evaluators. Our findings reveal that experts and novices generally had similar perceptions of a concept's creativity and that the TASC method was tapping into similar constructs of human perceptions of concept creativity. The results of this study contribute to our understanding of the factors that influence the selection or filtering of creative ideas after idea generation and provide a framework for research in this field.

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