scholarly journals Bias in estimated breeding-bird abundance from closure-assumption violations

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 108170
Author(s):  
Frank A. Fogarty ◽  
Erica Fleishman
PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0230614
Author(s):  
Frank A. Fogarty ◽  
Daniel R. Cayan ◽  
Laurel L. DeHaan ◽  
Erica Fleishman

The Condor ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori A. Hennings ◽  
W. Daniel Edge

Abstract In 1999, we surveyed breeding bird and plant communities along 54 streams in the Portland, Oregon, metropolitan region to link bird community metrics with structural and spatial characteristics of urban riparian areas. Canonical correspondence analysis produced two explanatory axes relating to vegetation and road density. Total and non-native bird abundance was higher in narrow forests. Native bird abundance was greater in narrow forests surrounded by undeveloped lands; native species richness and diversity were greater in less-developed areas. Native resident and short-distance-migrant abundance was higher in narrow forests, and diversity was positively associated with developed lands. Neotropical migrant abundance, richness, and diversity were greater in open-canopied areas with fewer roads. We examined spatial relationships by regressing bird variables on satellite-derived forest canopy cover, area of undeveloped lands, and street density in a series of 50-m buffers within a 500-m radius around study sites. Non-native bird abundance decreased with increasing canopy cover within 450 m, but most other relationships were strongest at smaller scales (50–100 m). Our results suggest that increasing urban canopy cover is the most valuable land management action for conserving native breeding birds. A hierarchical scheme for Neotropical migrant conservation might include increasing forest canopy within 450 m of streams to control non-native species and cowbirds; reducing street density within a 100-m radius of streams; and conserving or planting onsite native trees and shrubs. Estructura de Comunidades Riparias de Aves en Portland, Oregon: Hábitat, Urbanización y Patrones de Escala Espacial Resumen. Censamos las comunidades de aves reproductivas y plantas a lo largo de 54 arroyos en el área metropolitana de Portland, Oregon en 1999 para conectar medidas de comunidades de aves con características estructurales y espaciales de zonas riparias urbanas. Análisis de correspondencia canónica produjeron dos ejes explicativos relacionados con la vegetación y la densidad de carreteras. La abundancia total de aves y la de aves no nativas fueron mayores en bosques estrechos. La abundancia de aves nativas fue mayor en bosques estrechos rodeados por terrenos rurales y la riqueza y diversidad de especies fueron mayores en áreas menos desarrolladas. La abundancia de residentes nativas y migratorias de corta distancia fue mayor en bosques estrechos y su diversidad estuvo asociada positivamente con terrenos desarrollados. La abundancia, riqueza y diversidad de las migratorias neotropicales fueron mayores en áreas de dosel abierto y con pocas carreteras. Examinamos las relaciones espaciales mediante regresiones entre variables de aves y la cobertura del dosel derivada de imágenes satelitales, el área de terrenos sin desarrollar y la densidad de calles en una serie de áreas de 50 m de ancho en un radio de 500 m alrededor de los sitios de estudio. La abundancia de aves no nativas disminuyó con aumentos en la cobertura del dosel hasta 450 m, pero la mayoría de las demás relaciones fueron más fuertes a escalas menores (50–100 m). Nuestros resultados sugieren que el incremento de la cobertura del dosel en áreas urbanas es la estrategia de manejo más valiosa para conservar las aves nativas que se reproducen en el área. Un esquema jerárquico para la conservación de las migratorias neotropicales podría incluir aumentar la cobertura de bosque a menos de 450 m de los arroyos para controlar a las especies no nativas y a los Molothrus, reducir la densidad de calles dentro de un radio de 100 m alrededor de los arroyos y conservar o plantar árboles y arbustos nativos.


The Condor ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Siepielski

Abstract Nest predation is thought to play an important role in structuring certain breeding bird communities. One potential consequence of nest predation is lower recruitment in breeding birds, which may be manifested as lower breeding bird abundance. Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia) forests east and west of the Rocky Mountains became isolated following glacial retreat 12 000 years ago and differ in whether or not red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), which are a key nest predator, are present. Breeding bird abundance in lodgepole pine forests was compared between four ranges with red squirrels and four ranges without red squirrels. Species grouped into canopy and understory nesting guilds were, on average, two and three times more abundant, respectively, in forest ranges without red squirrels than in ranges with red squirrels; no statistically significant differences were found for midstory, ground, or cavity nesters. These results suggest that geographic variation in the presence or absence of red squirrels is likely important in structuring breeding bird communities in lodgepole pine forests across the landscape.


1994 ◽  
Vol 343 (1304) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  

We examine the relation between body size, abundance, and taxonomy in the wintering bird assemblages in Britain and Ireland. The regression slope of abundance on body size across species in both assemblages is not significantly different from that predicted by an ‘energetic equivalence rule’, but the proportion of the variance in abundance explained by body size is very low. Previous work on breeding bird assemblages has found the novel relation that the correlation between size and abundance across species within a tribe is itself positively correlated with the degree of taxonomic isolation of the tribe from other tribes in the bird fauna. We show that the same relation holds within bird tribes in the two wintering assemblages. Furthermore, evidence for this relation is found by using two different measures of bird abundance, despite these two abundance measures showing very different correlations with body size across species. Although these patterns in the data are consistent, some are not formally statistically significant ( p = 0.089 or greater). Excluding coastal, stocked, feral and recently colonizing species increased the significance of time since origin of a tribe on species abundances. We conclude that the relation between size and abundance in bird tribes is somehow related to bird taxonomy. While acknowledging the unlikely nature of such an effect, we tentatively propose hypotheses for two mechanisms that could produce the observed patterns.


2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
NPP Simon ◽  
F E Schwab ◽  
A W Diamond

We enumerated breeding birds by territorial mapping on harvested (scarified following burning and clear-cutting, clearcut following burning, and two intensities of selective logging, 39 and 71% residual forest canopy) and unharvested forests in western Labrador. Clear-cutting and postclearcut scarification substantially altered the suite of birds occupying forested areas. Logging that conserved 39% of the wood volume decreased some forest bird densities and increased some early successional bird densities in approximately equal proportions. Logging that conserved 71% of forest cover increased bird densities by increasing some early successional bird densities without reducing forest bird densities. Given the rarity of productive forests in western Labrador, <5% of the forest base, if they are logged, then at least 71% of the wood volume should be conserved.


Blue Jay ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Murphy ◽  
Marriah L. Sondreal

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. Henderson ◽  
John M. Holland ◽  
Jonathan Storkey ◽  
Peter Lutman ◽  
Jim Orson ◽  
...  

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