Active Cell Balancing of Lithium-ion Battery Pack Using Dual DC-DC Converter and Auxiliary Lead-acid Battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 102109
Author(s):  
Akash Samanta ◽  
Sumana Chowdhuri
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Active Cell ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Cell Balancing ◽  
Lead Acid

Active cell balancing of lithium‐ion battery pack based on average state of charge

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 2535-2548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Zhang ◽  
Liuzhu Zhang ◽  
Lin Hu ◽  
Caixia Huang
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Active Cell ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Cell Balancing ◽  
Average State

An Active Equalization Technique Based on Flyback Converter Topology

2014 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 612-617
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Liu ◽  
Hong He ◽  
Yu Gui ◽  
Xiao Wei Hao
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Active Cell ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Flyback Converter ◽  
Operational Principle ◽  
Converter Topology ◽  
Equalization Technique ◽  
Working Status ◽  
Cell Balancing

This paper presents an active cell balancing technique for lithium-ion battery stacks using a flyback dc/dc converter topology. The combination of batteries can be controlled according to the batteries voltages to implement the battery-balancing function. The operational principle of the proposed system is described in detail, then the paper develops different strategies adapting to different working status of battery pack and a series of bench experiments is conducted to examine the effectiveness of the equalization system.

Performance and Cost Analysis of Lithium-Ion Battery for Powering Off-Grid Telecoms Base Stations in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Doudou Nanitamo Luta ◽  
Atanda K. Raji
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Initial Current ◽  
Battery Bank ◽  
Diesel Generators ◽  
Acid Unit ◽  
Lead Acid

Most African remote telecoms base stations are powered from diesel generators, however, these generators are losing attractiveness due to their less reliability in addition to high operational and maintenance costs. Over 65% of the loss of telecom services observed in remote areas are caused by outages resulting from diverse types of failures that these generators can suffer, on top of their impacts on the environment. As alternative, off-grid renewable energy systems are often employed in place of diesel generators due to their capability to provide reliable electricity at an acceptable cost. This study proposes an off-grid system based on PV generators and backup energy storage consisting of lithium-ion batteries as an extended solution for powering remote telecom base stations in Africa. Modelling and simulation is performed using Matlab/Simulink environment. The findings showed better characteristics of lithium-ion battery bank as compared to lead-acid unit; lithium-ion battery bank displayed higher initial current and voltage over lead-acid battery bank. Moreover, when, both battery banks reached 50 % of their state of charge, lithium-ion bank current was still higher than that of lead-acid bank. In the same vein, lithium-ion battery bank presented a slower discharge time than lead-acid battery bank on top higher values at 50 % and 70% state of charges. Lastly, the state of charge of the lead-acid battery at the end of the simulation was 50 %, while that of the lithium-ion battery bank was around 60 %.

scholarly journals A study on optimizing the characteristics of lithium-ion battery power source and operating cost for hybrid motorcycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (SI2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Trang Nguyen Van ◽  
Tan Nguyen Duy ◽  
Anh Tuấn Phạm
Keyword(s):  
Operating Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Lead Acid

This study presents a research related to a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Motorcycle (HEM) which renovated from a Honda Lead 110cc with rear wheel is driven by original internal combustion engine and continuously variable transmission, while front wheel is directly-driven by a 48V – 1,000W BLDC Hub-Motor. The research focuses on optimal calculating, designing, prototyping and testing an electric power supply using Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery pack to replace the lead–acid battery. The simulation and experimental results are able to evaluate the dynamic characteristics and operating cost of HEM. The study has been designed and prototyed a 48V – 33Ah Li-ion battery pack with a Battery Management System (BMS) circuit embeded on the vehicle. The battery pack is 10.84 (kg) weight and 8.11 (l) volume, reduced 30 (kg) and 12.89 liters compared to the lead-acid battery where battery life is greater than 2,000 cycles. In only electric motor mode, the longest distance of the HEM is 78.77 (km) for a half load, only driver, and 65.83 (km) for full load, one driver, and one passenger. Maximum speed is 52.67 (km/h) for a half load and 48.42 (km/h) for full load. In hybrid mode until SOC reduce to 50%, HEM can travel 64.366 (km) for a half load and 54.477 (km) for full load. The fuel consumption in the each case is 2.162 and 2.425 (l/100km), 0.5 liter lower than the original one and 0.3 liter lower than lead-acid battery. The cost of investment in HEM is 56 million VND and the operating cost is 1,106 VND/km, while the original vehicles are 40 million VND and 1,352 (VND/km). For every 1km using hybrid vehicles, 246.88 VND will be saved, after about 3.1 years, it will recoup the spending on investment. At the end of the motorcycle life cycle is about 200,000 km, and 43 million VND will be saved.

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