Rôle des facteurs psychotraumatiques dans la genèse des troubles obsessionnels compulsifs

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (S3) ◽  
pp. 547-547
Author(s):  
A. Moroy ◽  
J.-M. Sigward ◽  
S. Lamy ◽  
A. Pelissolo

ContexteIl existe de fortes présomptions théoriques et cliniques en faveur d’une relation entre certaines formes de Trouble obsessionnel compulsif (TOC) et des événements traumatiques [1]. De nombreuses études épidémiologiques ont aussi montré une association entre des traumatismes ou un ESPT et TOC[2]. L’ESPT et le TOC présentent certaines similitudes. Cette relation peut-elle être expliquée par une confusion de symptômes ? Existe-t-il une vulnérabilité commune ou un lien causal d’un trouble à l’autre ? La description d’une forme spécifiquement post-traumatique de TOC pourrait aussi être envisagée sur des arguments phénoménologiques[3].MéthodeÉtude descriptive psychométrique de l’association de l’ESPT au Trouble obsessionnel compulsif. Les données présentées ont été recueillies auprès de patients venus consulter à l’hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière courant 2012 pour leur TOC (n = 43). Quinze patients TOC + ESPT appariés à 28 patients TOC sans ESPT ont été évalués cliniquement et à l’aide d’échelles psychométriques (YBOCS, HAD, EPN 31, EGF, Sheehan Disability Scale, Liste des Pensées Obsessives, TCI-R de Cloninger).ObjectifIdentifier des différences dans le profil psychométrique des patients TOC + ESPT par rapport aux patients TOC ; afin de pouvoir discuter l’existence d’une forme de TOC post-traumatique.RésultatsL’analyse dimensionnelle des patients présentant un TOC associé à un ESPT retrouve des scores plus élevés pour la dimension de Transcendance (questionnaire TCI-R de Cloninger) que chez les patients souffrant d’un TOC seul. Aucune différence symptomatique, émotionnelle et de personnalité n’est retrouvée.ConclusionCette étude souligne l’importance de rechercher systématiquement l’existence d’un traumatisme devant un TOC afin d’adapter la prise en charge. Il serait également intéressant de poursuivre les investigations afin d’identifier l’existence ou non d’une forme spécifique de TOC post-traumatique.

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Herng Leu ◽  
Jen-Yu Chou ◽  
Pei-chin Lee ◽  
Hsiu-Chu Cheng ◽  
Wen-Chuan Shao ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Michele Mancini ◽  
David V. Sheehan ◽  
Koen Demyttenaere ◽  
Mario Amore ◽  
Walter Deberdt ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Kristina Zeljic ◽  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Xian Qiu ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Hengfen Gong ◽  
...  

Although the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) is one of the most extensively used and tested disability measurements, there has only been one psychometric evaluation of its properties in a Chinese-speaking population. Here, we provide a comprehensive psychometric assessment of the scale in 465 Mandarin-speakers who were accessing information online regarding psychotherapy. Principal component analysis and subsequent confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the SDS is one-dimensional (normed fit index = 0.976, non-normed fit index = 0.97, comparative fit index = 0.98, goodness-of-fit index = 0.967, standardized root mean-square residual = 0.023, root mean-square error of approximation = 0.149). The SDS exhibited excellent internal consistency (α = .89) and moderate test–retest reliability when readministered approximately 8 days later (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.55). Convergent validity was demonstrated by strong relationships with other measures of functional impairment (FI), while divergent validity was evidenced by fair correlation with a treatment ambivalence measure. Known-groups validity analyses showed that high FI was associated with significantly higher clinical scores of anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Regression analysis indicated that the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 score accounted for 37.6% of variance in FI. Overall, these findings support the reliability and validity of the SDS when used in Chinese treatment-seeking individuals, as well its usefulness as an online screening tool of FI.


1992 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 158B
Author(s):  
A C Leon ◽  
M K Shear ◽  
L Portera ◽  
G L Klerman

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Horberg ◽  
Ioannis Kouros ◽  
Lisa Ekselius ◽  
Mia Ramklint

Rationale, aims and objective: The Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) is a brief instrument used to measure functional disability, but the Swedish translation has not been psychometrically evaluated. The aim of this paper is to test the psychometric properties of the Swedish translation and to further examine concurrent and external validity.Method: In this cross-sectional study, 160 young psychiatric patients from an open care unit in Sweden, were recruited based on a clinical diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Bipolar Disorder (BD) and/or Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and re-diagnosed for confirmation. Participants were interviewed concerning socio-demographic data and a socio-demographic index (SDI) was constructed. Reliability of SDS was measured as internal consistency and an exploratory factor analysis was performed. Level of functioning was measured by SDS scores and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). SDS, both self-assessed and expert rated and GAF scores were compared to measure concurrent validity, while SDS and the SDI were compared to measure external validity.Results: The Swedish SDS had a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.77. An exploratory factor analysis showed that the SDS-items loaded on a single factor with an eigenvalue of 2.06. Self-assessed SDS-scores correlated with expert rated GAF-scores (r = -0.606) and, to some extent, with SDI scores (r = 0.280). Patients with an SDI score ≥ 1 had higher SDS-scores (t=2.70, p=0.008).Conclusions: The Swedish SDS has similar psychometric properties as the English and Spanish versions. It showed both concurrent and external validity, but external validity was weaker


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