To the Editor—Sympathetic innervation of the anterior left ventricular wall by the right and left stellate ganglia

Hearts of 11 anesthetized open-chest dogs were paced from the right atrium (RA), right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), and left ventricular apex (LVA). Maps of the sequence of electrical activation (192 electrodes), fiber strain (video technique), and blood flow (microsphere technique) in the epicardial layers were obtained from a 15- to 20-cm2 area of the anterior left ventricular wall. Electrical asynchrony in this area was 10 +/- 5 (RA), 52 +/- 12 (RVOT), and 30 +/- 16 ms (LVA, mean +/- SD, P less than 0.05 for RVOT and LVA compared with RA). Epicardial fiber strain during the ejection phase was uniformly distributed during RA pacing. However, during ventricular pacing it ranged from 13 +/- 33% (RVOT) and 23 +/- 29% (LVA) of the value during RA pacing in early-activated regions to 268 +/- 127% (RVOT) and 250 +/- 130% (LVA) of this value in late-activated regions. Epicardial blood flow ranged from 81 +/- 22% (RVOT) and 79 +/- 23% (LVA) in early-activated regions to 142 +/- 42% (RVOT) and 126 +/- 22% (LVA) in late activated regions. In all above values P less than 0.05 compared with RA. During RVOT pacing, gradients of epicardial electrical activation time, fiber strain, and blood flow pointed in the same direction. Compared with RVOT pacing, during LVA pacing all gradients were opposite in direction, and the gradients of electrical activation time and blood flow appeared to be smaller. These results indicate that timing of electrical activation is an important determinant for the distribution of fiber strain and blood flow in the left ventricular wall.

Download Full-text

Delayed Two-Step Free Wall Rupture of the Right and Left Ventricular Wall after Myocardial Infarction

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon ◽

10.1055/s-0030-1250503 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (04) ◽

pp. 248-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Emmert ◽

B. Weber ◽

O. Theusinger ◽

S. Hoerstrup ◽

V. Falk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Wall ◽

Ventricular Wall ◽

Free Wall ◽

Free Wall Rupture ◽

The Right

Download Full-text

Myocardial Sarcosporidiosis in the Camel

Pathologia veterinaria ◽

10.1177/030098587000700102 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 7-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. F. El-Etreby

Keyword(s):

Right Ventricular ◽

Papillary Muscle ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Wall ◽

Ventricular Wall ◽

Purkinje Fibers ◽

Right Ventricular Wall ◽

The Right

Thirty-four of 42 hearts from apparently normal camels were infested with sarcosporidia. Cysts were invariably found in the papillary muscle of the left ventricular wall; in 12 hearts they were in the right ventricular wall and in 1 heart in Purkinje fibers. None was found in the auricular muscles. An acute non-suppurative focal interstitial myocarditis occurred in association with the sarcocysts in 10 of the affected hearts. This reaction may be caused by a toxin from the cysts or it may be an allergic type of response in a previously sensitized host.

Download Full-text

Clinical and Experimental Analysis of 201Thallium Uptake of the Heart

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1620682 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 17 (04) ◽

pp. 142-148

Author(s):

U. Büll ◽

S. Bürger ◽

B. E. Strauer

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Left Ventricle ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Myocardial Oxygen Consumption ◽

Animal Experiments ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Wall ◽

Ventricular Wall ◽

Flow Measurements ◽

Myocardial Flow

Studies were carried out in order to determine the factors influencing myocardial 201T1 uptake. A total of 158 patients was examined with regard to both 201T1 uptake and the assessment of left ventricular and coronary function (e. g. quantitative ventriculography, coronary arteriography, coronary blood flow measurements). Moreover, 42 animal experiments (closed chest cat) were performed. The results demonstrate that:1) 201T1 uptake in the normal and hypertrophied human heart is linearly correlated with the muscle mass of the left ventricle (LVMM);2) 201T1 uptake is enhanced in the inner (subendocardial) layer and is decreased in the outer (subepicardial) layer of the left ventricular wall. The 201T1 uptake of the right ventricle is 40% lower in comparison to the left ventricle;3) the basic correlation between 201T1 uptake and LVMM is influenced by alterations of both myocardial flow and myocardial oxygen consumption; and4) inotropic interventions (isoproterenol, calcium, norepinephrine) as well as coronary dilatation (dipyridamole) may considerably augment 201T1 uptake in accordance with changes in myocardial oxygen consumption and/or myocardial flow.It is concluded that myocardial 201T1 uptake is determined by multiple factors. The major determinants have been shown to include (i) muscle mass, (ii) myocardial flow and (iii) myocardial oxygen consumption. The clinical data obtained from patient groups with normal ventricular function, with coronary artery disease, with left ventricular wall motion abnormalities and with different degree of left ventricular hypertrophy are correlated with quantitated myocardial 201T1 uptake.

Download Full-text