Body enhancement through female genital cosmetic surgery creates ethical and rights dilemmas

2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Cain ◽  
Cheryl B. Iglesia ◽  
Bernard Dickens ◽  
Owen Montgomery
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ruth Gaffney-Rhys

Abstract The aim of this article is to assess whether Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery (FGCS), which refers to procedures which change the structure and appearance of healthy female genitalia for non-medical reasons, violates the Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003, in the light of CPS guidance issued in 2019 and literature regarding the motivations of women seeking FGCS and its effectiveness. The paper concludes that FGCS does, prima facie, constitute FGM and argues that the medical exception contained in the legislation should seldom be available – but based on CPS guidance, a criminal prosecution will rarely be in the public interest. The article ends by asserting that the distinction drawn in practice (if not in law) between the treatment of western and non-western women is problematic, not only because it is discriminatory, but because tolerating FGCS may serve to legitimise FGM and result in the circumvention of the FGM Act 2003.


2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Rao ◽  
Aparajita ◽  
Neha Sharma

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 446-454
Author(s):  
Anagnostou N ◽  
Gkrozou F ◽  
Ioannidi L ◽  
Papadimitriou A ◽  
Tsonis O

Female genital cosmetic surgery is a set of multiple procedures focused on improving genital appearance, structure, and function. Sexual dysfunction affects a large proportion of the female population and appears to be associated with distorted genital anatomy although what women perceive as normal varies vastly depending on cultural and social beliefs. Cosmetic gynaecology office procedures are simple, quick, and effective solutions to improve sexual function as well as body image with minimal interventions and minimal side-effects. In this narrative review, we present these widely used minimally invasive aesthetic gynaecology interventions, focusing on their efficacy, and reported complications. Recommendations regarding heath professionals’ approach and ethical issues arising are also discussed.


2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 1029-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giussy Barbara ◽  
Federica Facchin ◽  
Michele Meschia ◽  
Paolo Vercellini

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