Simplified methodologies for assessing the out-of-plane two-way bending seismic response of unreinforced brick masonry walls: lessons from recent experimental studies

Structures ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 2839-2854
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
U. Tomassetti ◽  
F. Graziotti ◽  
G. Magenes
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Out Of Plane

scholarly journals Definition of interaction curves for the in-plane and out-of-plane capacity in brick masonry walls

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 168-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Najafgholipour ◽  
Mahmoud R. Maheri ◽  
P.B. Lourenço
Keyword(s):  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Interaction Curves ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals Out-of-plane behavior of clay brick masonry walls retrofitted with flexible deep mounted CFRP strips

2021 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 111448
Author(s):  
Ö.S. Türkmen ◽  
S.N.M. Wijte ◽  
B.T. De Vries ◽  
J.M. Ingham
Keyword(s):  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Out Of Plane

Out-of-Plane Behavior of Masonry Walls Strengthened with Ferrocement

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 3545-3550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Ultimate Load Capacity ◽  
Softening Behavior ◽  
Reinforced Masonry ◽  
Out Of Plane

Un-reinforced masonry (URM) structures may fail and collapse under out-of-plane loads generated by seismic forces or explosions. Adding a ferrocement overlay onto the URM walls is an effective solution in increasing the ultimate load capacity and ductility. This paper deals with the numerical and experimental studies on the out-of-plane behavior of un-reinforced masonry walls strengthened with ferrocement. The material parameters considered are the volume fraction of reinforcement and the loading area. A numerical model was proposed to simulate the experimental results. The employed material model for masonry wall is based on the theory of Drucker-Prager plasticity taking into account the tension softening behavior, while the ferrocement is modeled as a composite material with linear strain hardening followed by ideal plasticity. The proposed model simulates the load-deflection behavior of the strengthened wall well.

Experimental Investigation on the Flexural Performance of Brick Masonry Wall Retrofitted Using PP-Band Meshes under Cyclic Loading

2016 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Triwiyono ◽  
Frederica Neo ◽  
Johan Ardianto ◽  
Gumbert Maylda Pratama ◽  
Andreas Sugijopranoto
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Large Deformation ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Flexural Performance ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
Optimum Solution

Numbers of residential houses were damaged in some areas caused by earthquakes. The damages greatly affected the number of losses. Most of the houses in some countries are made of brick unreinforced masonry (URM) walls. Improving the structural performance of this kind of masonry has become important. For this reason, experimental study was conducted on the flexural performance of brick walls retrofitted with strapping band (polypropylene/pp-band). The walls were constructed using bricks produced manually with joint mortar ratio of 1 PC: 6 sand, that chosen to represent the actual field conditions of the communities in Indonesia. The aims of the study were to determine the out of plane flexural performance of the non-retrofitted and retrofitted brick masonry walls under cyclic loading by using some variations of the distance between pp-band. The walls were loaded to produce flexural bending that caused vertical and horizontal cracks. The results of the test showed that the retrofitted walls failed by large deformation. After crack, the strength reduced to about 25-50% of the crack load and then regained progressively as residual strength until 150% higher than the strength at crack load by large deformation due to the strapping band mesh. The wall with 10 cm pp-band distance should be used as optimum solution for retrofitting

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