HLA-DRB*1501 associations with magnetic resonance imaging measures of grey matter pathology in multiple sclerosis

Background Multiple sclerosis is often associated with unemployment. The contribution of grey matter atrophy to unemployment is unclear. Objectives To identify magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of grey matter and clinical symptoms associated with unemployment in multiple sclerosis patients. Methods Demographic, clinical data and 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected in 81 patients at the time of inclusion and after 5 and 10 years. Global and tissue-specific volumes were calculated at each time point. Statistical analysis was performed using a mixed linear model. Results At baseline 31 (38%) of the patients were unemployed, at 5-year follow-up 44 (59%) and at 10-year follow-up 34 (81%) were unemployed. The unemployed patients had significantly lower subcortical deep grey matter volume ( P < 0.001), specifically thalamus, pallidus, putamen and hippocampal volumes, and cortical volume ( P = 0.011); and significantly greater T1 ( P < 0.001)/T2 ( P < 0.001) lesion volume than the employed patient group at baseline. Subcortical deep grey matter volumes, and to a lesser degree cortical volume, were significantly associated with unemployment throughout the follow-up. Conclusion We found significantly greater atrophy of subcortical deep grey matter and cortical volume at baseline and during follow-up in the unemployed patient group. Atrophy of subcortical deep grey matter showed a stronger association to unemployment than atrophy of cortical volume during the follow-up.

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Microglial imaging with positron emission tomography and atrophy measurements with magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis: a correlative study

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1191/1352458505ms1140oa ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 127-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

J Versijpt ◽

J C Debruyne ◽

K J Van Laere ◽

F De Vos ◽

J Keppens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Brain Atrophy ◽

Microglial Activation ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Disease Duration ◽

A Priori ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Normal Appearing White Matter

Objective: The objectives of the present study were to assess brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients during different disease stages and to investigate by PET and [11C]PK11195, a marker of microglial activation, the relationship between inflammation, atrophy and clinically relevant measures. Methods: Eight healthy subjects and 22 MS patients were included. Semiquantitative [11C]PK11195 uptake values, with normalization on cortical grey matter, were measured for magnetic resonance imaging T2- and T1-lesions and normal appearing white matter (NAWM). As atrophy index we used the ratio of the amount of white and grey matter divided by the ventricular size, using an optimized a priori based segmentation algorithm (SPM99). Results: Atrophy was significantly greater in MS patients compared to age-matched controls. A significant correlation was found between brain atrophy and both disease duration and disability, as measured with the Expanded Disability Status Scale. For NAWM, [11C]PK11195 uptake increased with the amount of atrophy, while T2-lesional [11C]PK11195 uptake values decreased according to increasing brain atrophy. Conclusions: The present study suggests that brain atrophy, correlating with disease duration and disability, is directly related to NAWM and T2-lesional inflammation as measured by microglial activation.

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Deep grey matter `black T2` on 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging correlates with disability in multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458507076411 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 880-883 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Y. Zhang ◽

RK Zabad ◽

X. Wei ◽

LM Metz ◽

MD Hill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Caudate Nucleus ◽

Signal Intensity ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Disability Status ◽

Deep Grey Matter

T2 hypointensity (black T2, BT2) in the deep grey matter of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients correlate weakly with disability at 1.5 T. BT2 is likely to be caused by abnormal iron deposition. We compared the correlation between disability and deep grey matter BT2 measured on 3 T MRI and on 1.5 T MRI in 17 MS patients. We observed a significant correlation between expanded disability status scale and signal intensity on 3 T MRI in the globus pallidus and the caudate nucleus ( r = —0.5, P < 0.05). BT2 at 3 T may be a useful MRI measure associated with disability in MS and warrants further study. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 880—883. http://msj.sagepub.com

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Comment: HLA-DRB1*1501 associations with magnetic resonance imaging measures of grey matter pathology in multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.msard.2016.08.005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 166-167

Author(s):

Richard L. Yates ◽

Gabriele C. DeLuca

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Resonance Imaging

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Cognitive impairment is associated with subcortical magnetic resonance imaging grey matter T2 hypointensity in multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1191/135248506ms1301oa ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 437-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

S D Brass ◽

R HB Benedict ◽

B Weinstock-Guttman ◽

F Munschauer ◽

R Bakshi

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Basal Ganglia ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Globus Pallidus ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Iron Deposition ◽

Lesion Volume ◽

Resonance Imaging

Grey matter hypointensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, suggesting iron deposition, has been described in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is related to physical disability, disease course and brain atrophy. We tested the hypothesis that subcortical grey matter T2 hypointensity is related to cognitive impairment after adjusting for the effect of MRI lesion and atrophy measures. We studied 33 patients with MS and 14 healthy controls. Normalized T2 signal intensity in the caudate, putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus, total brain T1-hypointense lesion volume (T1LV), fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery-hyperintense lesion volume (FLLV) and brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) were obtained quantitatively. A neuropsychological composite score (NCS) encompassed new learning, attention, working memory, spatial processing and executive function. In each of the regions of interest, the normalized T2 intensity was lower in the MS versus control group (all P <0.001). Regression modelling tested the relative association between all MRI variables and NCS. Globus pallidus T2 hypointensity was the only variable selected in the final model ( R2 = 0.301, P = 0.007). Pearson correlations between MRI and NCS were T1LV: r = -0.319; FLLV: r = -0.347; BPF: r = 0.374; T2 hypointensity of the caudate: r = 0.305; globus pallidus: r = 0.395; putamen: r = 0.321; and thalamus: r = 0.265. Basal ganglia T2 hypointensity and BPF demonstrated the strongest associations with cognitive impairment on individual cognitive subtests. Subcortical grey matter T2 hypointensity is related to cognitive impairment in MS, supporting the clinical relevance of T2 hypointensity as a biological marker of MS tissue damage. These data implicate a role for basal ganglia iron deposition in neuropsychological dysfunction.

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Diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in depressed multiple sclerosis patients

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458509355461 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 189-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

A. Feinstein ◽

P. O'Connor ◽

N. Akbar ◽

L. Moradzadeh ◽

CJM Scott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Mean Diffusivity ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Normal Appearing White Matter

Depression is common in patients with multiple sclerosis, but to date no studies have explored diffusion tensor imaging indices associated with mood change. This study aimed to determine cerebral correlates of depression in multiple sclerosis patients using diffusion tensor imaging. Sixty-two subjects with multiple sclerosis were assessed for depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Whole brain and regional volumes were calculated for lesions (hyper/hypointense) and normal-appearing white and grey matter. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were calculated for each brain region. Magnetic resonance imaging comparisons were undertaken between depressed (Beck Depression Inventory ≥19) and non-depressed subjects. Depressed subjects (n = 30) had a higher hypointense lesion volume in the right medial inferior frontal region, a smaller normal-appearing white matter volume in the left superior frontal region, and lower fractional anisotropy and higher mean diffusivity in the left anterior temporal normal-appearing white matter and normal-appearing grey matter regions, respectively. Depressed subjects also had higher mean diffusivity in right inferior frontal hyperintense lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging variables contributed to 43% of the depression variance. We conclude that the presence of more marked diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in the normal-appearing white matter and normal-appearing grey matter of depressed subjects highlights the importance of more subtle measures of structural brain change in the pathogenesis of depression.

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