Cardiovascular effects of angiotensin-(1–12) [ANG-(1–12)] were studied in the medial nucleus of the tractus solitarius (mNTS) in anesthetized, artificially ventilated, adult male Wistar rats. Microinjections (100 nl) of ANG-(1–12) (0.06 mM) into the mNTS elicited maximum decreases in mean arterial pressure (MAP; 34 ± 5.8 mmHg) and heart rate (HR; 39 ± 3.7 beats/min). Bilateral vagotomy abolished ANG-(1–12)-induced bradycardia. Efferent greater splanchnic nerve activity was decreased by microinjections of ANG-(1–12) into the mNTS. Blockade of ANG type 1 receptors (AT1Rs; using ZD-7155 or L-158,809), but not ANG type 2 receptors (AT2Rs; using PD-123319), significantly attenuated ANG-(1–12)-induced cardiovascular responses. Simultaneous inhibition of both angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE; using captopril) and chymase (using chymostatin) completely blocked the effects of ANG-(1–12). Microinjections of A-779 [ANG-(1–7) antagonist] did not attenuate ANG-(1–12)-induced responses. Pressure ejection of ANG-(1–12) (0.06 mM, 2 nl) caused excitation of barosensitive mNTS neurons, which was blocked by prior application of the AT1R antagonist. ANG-(1–12)-induced excitation of mNTS neurons was also blocked by prior sequential applications of captopril and chymostatin. These results indicate that 1) microinjections of ANG-(1–12) into the mNTS elicited depressor and bradycardic responses by exciting barosensitive mNTS neurons; 2) the decreases in MAP and HR were mediated via sympathetic and vagus nerves, respectively; 3) AT1Rs, but not AT2Rs, mediated these actions of ANG-(1–12); 4) the responses were mediated via the conversion of ANG-(1–12) to ANG II and both ACE and chymase were involved in this conversion; and 5) ANG-(1–7) was not one of the metabolites of ANG-(1–12) in the mNTS.
Hemi facial Spasm Resulting from Facial Nerve Compression Near the Internal Acoustic Meatus —Case Report—
