A 48-year-old woman sought care for progressive right arm and hand pain with radial nerve–distribution sensory loss. She had a past history of multiple prior athletics-associated, musculoskeletal, upper cervical spine injuries. Her symptoms were initially attributed to a right C6 radiculopathy. Over the next several months, the sensory loss spread to involve the entire right hand and subsequently the entire left hand. She had development of diffuse right hand weakness and a sense of imbalance that was particularly prominent while in the dark. Finally, she experienced progressive constipation and urinary retention. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed an expanded cervical spinal cord from C3 through C7-T1 with diffuse T2-hyperintense changes and heterogeneous gadolinium enhancement most prominent at C5-6. In combination with a congenitally small central canal, severe central canal narrowing was seen at C5-6 and moderate narrowing at C4-5. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and thoracic spine were normal, and magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine indicated only mild lumbar spondylosis. On suspicion of a spinal cord neoplasm with a secondary compressive myelopathy, C3 through C7 laminectomy and posterior instrumented fusion from C2 through T1 was performed, with a biopsy obtained at the C5-6 level. Postoperatively, her gait and right upper extremity pain improved. The biopsy showed atypical glial cells. Neurofilament staining demonstrated an infiltrative pattern. Atypical cells were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2, and a Lys27Met sequence variation of histone H3, with overexpression of p53 on immunohistochemical staining. There was loss of H3 K27-trimethylation on the infiltrating cells, corresponding to the presence of Lys27Met sequence variation of histone H3. These findings were diagnostic for diffuse midline glioma with Lys27Met sequence variation of histone H3 (World Health Organization grade IV). A total of 5,400 cGy of photon radiation was delivered in 30 fractions over 42 days. She was subsequently treated with an oral histone deacetylase inhibitor, panobinostat, for 12 months. During this time, she had clinical response to treatment and reported improvement in balance and numbness. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging at 3 months showed a slight decrease in the size of the mass, and this response was sustained 1 year post radiotherapy. Diffuse midline gliomas that contain Lys27Met sequence variation of histone H3are incurable, often inoperable, midline brain tumors that are most commonly seen in the pediatric population. These tumors can also occur in adult patients and are considered high grade, even in the absence of features such as necrosis or microvascular proliferation.