Herpes zoster can plague anyone who has had varicella or has received the varicella or chickenpox vaccine. The incidence of herpes zoster increases with age and rises exponentially after 60 years of age. Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) may occur after herpes zoster at any age but typically occurs after 50 years of age, with over 40% of persons over 60 years of age suffering from PHN after a shingles attack. Up to 1 million new cases of herpes zoster and 200,000 new cases of PHN may now be anticipated in the United States every year, with the incidence rate increasing as the population grows and ages with prolonged life expectancies. Although new antiviral medications will improve and shorten the course of herpes zoster, they do not guarantee the prevention of PHN. Given the high prevalence of PHN in an aging population and the availability of primary prevention by vaccination, the objectives of this review are to describe the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of zoster and PHN and to recommend a combination of strategies for the clinical management and prevention of PHN.
This review contains 6 figures, 4 tables and 13 references
Key words: evidence-based pain medicine, herpes zoster, neuropathic pain, postherpetic neuralgia
Diagnosis and pharmacologic management of neuropathic pain among patients with chronic low back pain
