Solar and sand: Dust deposit mitigation in the desert for PV arrays

2021 ◽  
pp. 100531
Author(s):  
Joel Kennedy ◽  
Assane Lo ◽  
Haile-Selassie Rajamani ◽  
Saad Lutfi
Keyword(s):  
Dust Deposit ◽  
Sand Dust

Mapping Sand-dust Storm Risk of the World

2015 ◽  
pp. 115-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Yang ◽  
Xingming Zhang ◽  
Fangyuan Zhao ◽  
Jing’ai Wang ◽  
Peijun Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dust Storm ◽  
The World ◽  
Sand Dust

Influence of sand/dust contamination on the breakdown of asymmetrical air gaps under lightning impulses

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Al-Arainy ◽  
N.H. Malik ◽  
M.I. Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Air Gaps ◽  
Sand Dust

Asian sand dust enhances murine lung inflammation caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae

2012 ◽  
Vol 258 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao He ◽  
Takamichi Ichinose ◽  
Seiichi Yoshida ◽  
Shoji Yamamoto ◽  
Ken-ichiro Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Murine Lung ◽  
Asian Sand Dust ◽  
Sand Dust

Asian sand dust enhances ovalbumin-induced eosinophil recruitment in the alveoli and airway of mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Hiyoshi ◽  
Takamichi Ichinose ◽  
Kaori Sadakane ◽  
Hirohisa Takano ◽  
Masataka Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eosinophil Recruitment ◽  
Asian Sand Dust ◽  
Sand Dust

The Effects of Microbial Materials Adhered to Asian Sand Dust on Allergic Lung Inflammation

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ichinose ◽  
S. Yoshida ◽  
K. Hiyoshi ◽  
K. Sadakane ◽  
H. Takano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Lung Inflammation ◽  
Asian Sand Dust ◽  
Sand Dust

Integration of multi-source measurements to monitor sand-dust storms over North China: A case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Guo ◽  
Tao Niu ◽  
Fu Wang ◽  
Minjun Deng ◽  
Yaqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Sand Dust

scholarly journals Viability of Bacillus subtilis Cells in Airborne Bioaerosols on Face Masks

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
Eun-Hee Lee ◽  
Yunsoo Chang ◽  
Seung-Woo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Mask Material ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Sand Dust

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a general health crisis and has irreversible impacts on human societies. Globally, all people are at risk of being exposed to the novel coronavirus through transmission of airborne bioaerosols. Public health actions, such as wearing a mask, are highly recommended to reduce the transmission of infectious diseases. The appropriate use of masks is necessary for effectively preventing the transmission of airborne bioaerosols. The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests washing fabric masks or throwing away disposable masks after they are used. However, people often use masks more than once without washing or disposing them. The prolonged use of a single mask might—as a result of the user habitually touching the mask—promote the spread of pathogens from airborne bioaerosols that have accumulated on the mask. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate how long the living components of bioaerosols can be viable on the masks. Here, we evaluated the viability of airborne Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) in bioaerosols filtered on woven and anti-droplet (non-woven) face masks. As a simulation of being simultaneously exposed to sand dust and bioaerosols, the viability rates of bioaerosols that had accumulated on masks were also tested against fine dust and airborne droplets containing bacteria. The bioaerosols survived on the masks immediately after the masks were used to filter the bioaerosols, and the bacteria significantly proliferated after one day of storage. Thereafter, the number of viable cells in the filtered bioaerosols gradually decreased over time, and the viability of B. subtilis in bioaerosols on the masks varied, depending on the mask material used (woven or non-woven). Despite the reduction in viability, bioaerosols containing living components were still found in both woven and anti-droplet masks even after six days of storage and it took nine days not to have found them on masks. The number of viable cells in bioaerosols on masks significantly decreased upon exposure of the masks to fine dust. The results of this study should provide useful information on how to appropriately use masks to increase their duration of effectiveness against bioaerosols.

scholarly journals Reaction products of Sm2Zr2O7 with calcium-magnesium-aluminum-silicate (CMAS) and their evolution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghua Wang ◽  
Zhuang Ma ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Yanbo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Thermal Barrier ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Barrier Coatings ◽  
Magnesium Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Composition Segregation ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Sand Dust

AbstractDuring flight, many silicates (sand, dust, debris, fly ash, etc.) are ingested by an engine. They melt at high operating temperatures on the surface of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to form calcium-magnesium-aluminum-silicate (CMAS) amorphous settling. CMAS corrodes TBCs and causes many problems, such as composition segregation, degradation, cracking, and disbanding. As a new generation of TBC candidate materials, rare-earth zirconates (such as Sm2Zr2O7) have good CMAS resistance properties. The reaction products of Sm2Zr2O7 and CMAS and their subsequent changes were studied by the reaction of Sm2Zr2O7 and excess CMAS at 1350 °C. After 1 h of reaction, Sm2Zr2O7 powders were not completely corroded. The reaction products were Sm-apatite and c-ZrO2 solid solution. After 4 h of reaction, all Sm2Zr2O7 powders were completely corroded. After 24 h of reaction, Sm-apatite disappeared, and the c-ZrO2 solid solution remained.

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