The use of antibiotic prophylaxis in radiology departments for patients at high-risk of infective endocarditis

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 649-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Howlett ◽  
P.N. Malcolm ◽  
P.L. Scott-Mackie ◽  
A.B. Ayers
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Antibiotic prophylaxis and prevention of infective endocarditis

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1736-1738
Author(s):  
Bruno Hoen ◽  
Xavier Duval
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Native Valve ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Prevention of infective endocarditis has historically focused on oral health because oral streptococci are part of oral flora and once caused most cases of native valve infective endocarditis. Because no randomized clinical trial has ever been conducted to confirm the efficacy and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis, it is likely that the debate on indications for antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis will continue in the coming years. In the meantime, it is reasonable to propose antibiotic prophylaxis to patients at high risk of infective endocarditis before they undergo high-risk dental procedures. Prevention of healthcare-associated infective endocarditis should also be targeted through prevention of healthcare-acquired bacteraemia, and antibiotic prophylaxis before the implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices. Other prevention options include preservation of good oral hygiene. In the future, prevention of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis might rely on vaccines, with candidate S. aureus vaccines currently being evaluated in humans.

Prevention of infective endocarditis (IE)

2018 ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Abdullah Jibawi ◽  
Mohamed Baguneid ◽  
Arnab Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Operative Site ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Dental Work

Infective endocarditis is a serious condition due to bacteraemia resulting from interventions. Current guidelines suggested antibiotic prophylaxis should not be used for routine dental or non-dental patients even in high-risk patients. However, it should be considered for high-risk patients for interventional dental work and also in other circumstances if the operative site suspected to be infective and might result in bacteraemia in high-risk patients.

scholarly journals Periprocedural Peritonitis Prophylaxis: A Summary of the Microbiology and the Role of Systemic Antimicrobials

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Leon Hsueh ◽  
Susie L. Hu ◽  
Ankur D. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Catheter Insertion ◽  
Antibiotic Regimen ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Potential Strategy

Background: Peritonitis is a leading complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). One strategy that the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) has used to help mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with peritonitis is through prevention, including antibiotic prophylaxis utilization in high-risk situations. The aim of this study is to summarize our current understanding of postprocedural peritonitis and discuss the existing data behind periprocedural antibiotic prophylaxis, focusing primarily on PD catheter insertion, dental procedures, colonoscopies, upper endoscopies with gastrostomy, and gynecologic procedures. Summary: The ISPD currently recommends intravenous antibiotics prior to PD catheter insertion, colonoscopies, and invasive gynecologic procedures, though prophylaxis has only demonstrated benefit in a prospective, randomized control setting for PD catheter insertion. However, multiple retrospective studies exist that support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for the other 2 procedures. No specific antibiotic regimen has been established as most optimal to prevent peritonitis for any of the 3 procedures. Antibiotic coverage should include the Enterobacteriaceae family, as well as Gram-positive organisms commonly found on the skin flora for PD catheter insertion, anaerobes for colonoscopies, and common organisms from the urogenital flora in gynecologic procedures. Additionally, the ISPD currently recommends oral amoxicillin prior to dental procedures. There is currently no ISPD recommendation to provide antibiotic prophylaxis prior to an upper endoscopy with or without gastrostomy, though this is a potential area for research. Key Messages: PD patients are at high risk for developing peritonitis after typical procedures. Antibiotic prophylaxis is a potential strategy that the ISPD utilizes to prevent these infections. However, further research needs to be done to determine the optimal antibiotic regimen.

Beyond the antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis: the problem of dental surveillance

Heart ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 363-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B Chambers ◽  
Mark Dayer ◽  
Bernard D Prendergast ◽  
Jonathan Sandoe ◽  
Stephen Westaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Abstract 19639: Infective Endocarditis Following Transcatheter Valve Implantation: A Systematic Review

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio J Amat-Santos ◽  
Henrique B Ribeiro ◽  
Marina Urena ◽  
Ricardo Allende ◽  
Cristine Houde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Transcatheter Valve ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Valve Implantation ◽  
Transcatheter Valves ◽  
Very High

Objectives: To describe the incidence, features, predisposing factors and outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE) following transcatheter valve implantation (TVI). Background: Very few data exist on IE following TVI. Methods: Studies published between 2000 and 2013 regarding IE in patients with aortic (TAVI) or pulmonary (TPVI) transcatheter valves were identified through systematic electronic search. Result: A total of 28 publications describing 60 patients (32 TAVI, 28 TPVI) were identified. Most TAVI patients (66% males, 80±7 years) had a very high-risk profile (LogEuroSCORE: 30.4±14.0%, p<0.001 compared to previous TAVI registries). In TPVI patients (90% males, 19±6 years), IE was more frequent in stenotic conduit/valve (61%) (p <0.001 vs. previous TPVI series). Median time between TVI and IE was 5.5 (2-12) months. Typical microorganisms were mostly found with a higher incidence of enterococci after TAVI (34.4% vs. 0%, p =0.009), and S.aureus after TPVI (29.4% vs. 6.2%, p =0.041). Up to 60% of the TAVI-IE patients were managed medically despite related complications such as local extension, embolism and/or heart failure in >50% of patients. Valve explantation rate was 57% and 23% in balloon- and self-expandable valves, respectively (p=0.07). In-hospital mortality for TAVI-IE was 34.4%. Most TPVI-IE patients (75%) were managed surgically, and in-hospital mortality was 7.1%. Conclusions: Most cases of IE post-TVI were males, with a very high-risk profile (TAVI) or underlying stenotic conduit/valve (TPVI). Typical -but different- microorganisms of IE were involved in half of the TAVI and TPVI cases. Most TPVI-IE patients were managed surgically as opposed to TAVI patients, and mortality rate was high in both cohorts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document