Classification of Pancreatic Cysts: Should We Rely on Molecular Analysis or is It Still a Clinical Judgment?

This study was concerned with the correspondence between the classification of measures by clinical judgment and by factor analysis. Forty-six measures were selected to assess language, auditory processing, reading-spelling, maxillofacial structure, articulation, and other processes. These were applied to 98 misarticulating eight- and nine-year-old children. Factors derived from the analysis corresponded well with categories the measures were selected to represent.

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The role of cytogenetic and molecular analysis in the classification of benign/borderline soft tissue tumours

Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics ◽

10.1016/0165-4608(92)90431-7 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Christopher D.M. Fletcher

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Molecular Analysis ◽

Soft Tissue Tumours

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A revised infrageneric classification of Bellevalia Lapeyr. (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) based on molecular analysis

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.525.1.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 525 (1) ◽

pp. 70-84

Author(s):

AZARNOOSH JAFARI ◽

JAMIL VAEZI ◽

MOHAMMAD MAHDI FORGHANIFARD ◽

FÉLIX FOREST ◽

JOHN C. MANNING

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Analysis ◽

Trnl Intron ◽

Leaf Margin ◽

Infrageneric Classification ◽

Flower Shape ◽

Representative Species

Within the genus Bellevalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae: Hyacintheae), flower shape and colour, the ratio of leaf to scape length, and the orientation of the pedicels were traditionally used to delimit sections, subsections and species. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of representative species from sections Bellevalia, Conicae, Nutantes and Oxydontae, representing four out of the six sections that are currently recognised, using the four chloroplast regions rbcL, matK, trnL intron, and trnL-F spacer. Our results indicate that the sections are not monophyletic as currently circumscribed. Our analyses retrieve two major, well-supported clades. The first clade (sect. Conicae) includes only species with ciliate leaves and green-veined perianth lobes, and the second clade (sect. Bellevalia) includes the species lacking these characteristics. Within the second clade, the species with yellow anthers are separated from those with violet anthers. Our molecular analysis does not support the traditional subdivisions of the genus but establishes the value of cilia on the leaf margin, green veins in the perianths lobes, and the colour of the anthers as indicators of relationships among the species. We recommend that the current four sections and six subsections of Bellevalia be reduced to two sections without subsections and we provide an updated and corrected nomenclature for these sections and subsections, designating lectotypes where necessary.

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Accurate classification of secondary progression in multiple sclerosis using a decision tree

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458520975323 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 135245852097532

Author(s):

Ryan Ramanujam ◽

Feng Zhu ◽

Katharina Fink ◽

Virginija Danylaitė Karrenbauer ◽

Johannes Lorscheider ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Decision Tree ◽

Clinical Judgment ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Disease Classification ◽

Additional Information ◽

History Of ◽

Phenotype Transition ◽

Independent Cohort

Background: The absence of reliable imaging or biological markers of phenotype transition in multiple sclerosis (MS) makes assignment of current phenotype status difficult. Objective: The authors sought to determine whether clinical information can be used to accurately assign current disease phenotypes. Methods: Data from the clinical visits of 14,387 MS patients in Sweden were collected. Classifying algorithms based on several demographic and clinical factors were examined. Results obtained from the best classifier when predicting neurologist recorded disease classification were replicated in an independent cohort from British Columbia and were compared to a previously published algorithm and clinical judgment of three neurologists. Results: A decision tree (the classifier) containing only most recently available expanded disability scale status score and age obtained 89.3% (95% confidence intervals (CIs): 88.8–89.8) classification accuracy, defined as concordance with the latest reported status. Validation in the independent cohort resulted in 82.0% (95% CI: 81.0–83.1) accuracy. A previously published classification algorithm with slight modifications achieved 77.8% (95% CI: 77.1–78.4) accuracy. With complete patient history of 100 patients, three neurologists obtained 84.3% accuracy compared with 85% for the classifier using the same data. Conclusion: The classifier can be used to standardize definitions of disease phenotype across different cohorts. Clinically, this model could assist neurologists by providing additional information.

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Tu1409 INTER-OBSERVER AGREEMENT BETWEEN ENDOSONOGRAPHERS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF PANCREATIC CYSTS WITHIN A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽

10.1016/j.gie.2019.03.1066 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. AB613-AB614

Author(s):

Harsh K. Patel ◽

Michael B. Wallace ◽

Amrita Sethi ◽

Douglas O. Faigel ◽

William R. Brugge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Observer Agreement ◽

Pancreatic Cysts ◽

Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

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MPC-09 THE OPTIMIZATION OF TREATMENTS FOR SO-CALLED PRIMITIVE NEUROECTODERMAL TUMORS WITH MOLECULAR ANALYSIS

Neuro-Oncology Advances ◽

10.1093/noajnl/vdz039.106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. ii23-ii24

Author(s):

Mario Suzuki ◽

Naohide Fujita ◽

Ikuko Ogino ◽

Junya Fujimura ◽

Akihide Kondo

Keyword(s):

Molecular Analysis ◽

High Grade Glioma ◽

Pediatric Brain Tumors ◽

High Throughput Analysis ◽

Institutional Review ◽

Neuroectodermal Tumors ◽

Molecular Information ◽

Pediatric Brain ◽

Informed Parental Consent

Abstract INTRODUCTION In the previous WHO classification of central nervous tumors, the supratentorial tumors comprise small round blue cells with aggressive clinical features had been defined as primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). Recent molecular analysis revealed that they do not belong to a single entity, but they are re-classified as the tumors of other well-defined tumors and newly defined tumor species. These facts were reflected to the new classifications. While, there are few studies those showed the re-consideration of treatments for tumors diagnosed as so-called PNET. In this study, we propose the optimization of treatments for tumors diagnosed by the new classification to clarify which treatments were effective for the tumors those were diagnosed as PNET. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tumor samples diagnosed as so-called PNETs were analyzed. The molecular information was extracted from tumor specimens. We used high throughput analysis with microarray, FISH, and immunohistochemistry. They all had treated in our institution in last 6 years and their clinical courses were followed by medical records. Informed parental consent was obtained from their guardians and this study was approved by the institutional review board of Juntendo university. RESULTS Nine tumor samples were able to be analyzed and they are re-classified into high-grade glioma, neuroblastoma, sarcoma, embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes, C19MC altered (ETMR). They resembled each other closely in morphology, and therefore, it was not able to be classified by histopathological findings. There was a case of pineoblastoma, whose molecular background suggested that the tumor was re-classified into neuroblastoma. In terms of treatments, we have succeeded in neuroblastoma cases so far, ETMRs were required multiple surgeries and radiations to maintain remissions. CONCLUSIONS Re-classification of diagnosis based on the molecular background is necessary to clarify the optimization of treatments for pediatric brain tumors, and the comprehensive methods is required. We present our methods for molecular diagnosis in clinical field and future plans.

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Utility of molecular tests in cytopathology

CytoJournal ◽

10.4103/1742-6413.129183 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Arthur David Somoza ◽

F. Zahra Aly

Keyword(s):

Molecular Analysis ◽

Diagnostic Information ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Pancreatic Cysts ◽

Molecular Testing ◽

Thyroid Cytology ◽

Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽

Molecular Tests ◽

Test Kit

With the popularity of interventional radiology, diagnostic material obtained can be limited requiring critical decisions on making the best use of it. Molecular testing using nanogram amounts of tissue can add useful diagnostic information by improving sensitivity and/or specificity of the diagnosis. This review examines the use of molecular tests in cervical cytology, “indeterminate” thyroid cytology specimens, pancreatic cyst fluid, urinary tract and pulmonary adenocarcinoma cytologic material. Molecular human papillomavirus (HPV) testing combined with cervical cytology increases sensitivity of detection of high grade lesions. In cytologically negative cases, the HPV negative predictive value endorses longer screening intervals. With the high prevalence of benign thyroid nodules, cytology plays a vital role in screening. However, 10-40% of the specimens obtained are cytologically indeterminate. Molecular analysis of these specimens can predict the malignant risk in these cases. Increased detection of pancreatic cysts has necessitated accurate pre-operative diagnosis delineating non-mucinous from mucinous cysts, which have a potential for progression to adenocarcinoma. Multimodal diagnosis of pancreatic cysts and molecular analysis help to clarify neoplastic risk; and in cases of limited fluid, may be the only available diagnostic information. Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder, a common cancer with frequent recurrences, requires lifelong surveillance. The UroVysion ™ test kit can increase the sensitivity of detection of UC especially in cases of residual/recurrent carcinoma after therapy. Subsets of lung adenocarcinomas are now commonly targeted by therapies based on molecular mutation results of epidermal growth factor receptor, KRAS or echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase re-arrangements. The move toward standardization of reporting of cytology specimens commencing with cervical smears and more recently, thyroid cytology specimens is also changing the practice of cytopathology. Combining the stringent cytology criteria with ancillary molecular testing is expected to yield more discrete and diagnostic categories for research and reporting. The profession is at an exciting point of implementing novel molecular markers to refine diagnostic criteria and create clinically relevant classification systems.

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