Multiply twinned particles beyond the icosahedron

2000 ◽  
Vol 213 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Nepijko ◽  
H. Hofmeister ◽  
H. Sack-Kongehl ◽  
R. Schlögl
Keyword(s):  
Multiply Twinned Particles

Formation Mechanisms for Multiply Twinned Particles During Nucleation in the Au/MICA System

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Eal H. Lee ◽  
Helmut Poppa
Keyword(s):  
Deposition Time ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Cluster Density ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Crystal Particle ◽  
Multiply Twinned Particles

The formation of thin films of gold on mica has been studied in ultra-high vacuum (5xl0-10 torr) . The mica substrates were heat-treated for 24 hours at 375°C, cleaved, and annealed for 15 minutes at the deposition temperature of 300°C prior to deposition. An impingement flux of 3x1013 atoms cm-2 sec-1 was used. These conditions were found to give high number densities of multiple twin particles and are based on a systematic series of nucleation experiments described elsewhere. Individual deposits of varying deposition time were made and examined by bright and dark field TEM after "cleavage preparation" of highly transparent specimens. In the early stages of growth, the films generally consist of small particles which are either single crystals or multiply twinned; a strong preference for multiply twinned particles was found whenever the particle number densities were high. Fig. 1 shows the stable cluster density ns and the variation with deposition time of multiple twin particle and single crystal particle densities, respectively. Corresponding micrographs and diffraction patterns are shown in Fig. 2.

Thermodynamic Analysis of Multiply Twinned Particles: Surface Stress Effects

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (18) ◽  
pp. 3089-3094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanth Patala ◽  
Laurence D. Marks ◽  
Monica Olvera de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Surface Stress ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Multiply Twinned Particles

In-situ observations of growth processes of multiply twinned particles

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yagi ◽  
K. Takayanagi ◽  
K. Kobayashi ◽  
G. Honjo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Processes ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Multiply Twinned Particles

Fracture of hollow multiply-twinned particles under chemical etching

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Yu. Gutkin ◽  
Anna L. Kolesnikova ◽  
Igor S. Yasnikov ◽  
Anatoly A. Vikarchuk ◽  
Elias C. Aifantis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Etching ◽  
Multiply Twinned Particles

Star-Shaped Multiply Twinned Gold Particles

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 382-383
Author(s):  
A. Karlen ◽  
A. Thölén
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Space Filling ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
Submicron Size ◽  
Heated Substrate ◽  
Lattice Planes ◽  
Multiply Twinned Particles ◽  
Internal Strains ◽  
Common Defect

Small submicron size particles have been extensively studied in the electron microscope. These particles have mainly been produced by evaporation in an inert gas, where the particles form a smoke or in vacuum, where the particles grow on a substrate held at temperature. The most common defect in these particles are twins, which essentially are of two different kinds. The first type of twins, which is usually found on one family of lattice planes are frequent in gas evaporated particles; the second type of twins build up the so called multiply twinned particles (MTP) and are more common when the evaporation occurs in vacuum onto a heated substrate. The multiply twinned particles can be regarded as five or twenty regular tetrahedrons, glued together. Although this structure is not space filling, internal strains can make it so. The shape of multiply twinned particles has recently been discussed, where also finer details in their structure were resolved.

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