Influence of selective T-lymphocyte depletion on the lung pathology of gnotobiotic calves and the distribution of different T-lymphocyte subsets following challenge with bovine respiratory syncytial virus

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H Thomas ◽  
R.S Cook ◽  
C.J Howard ◽  
R.M Gaddum ◽  
G Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Lymphocyte Depletion ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Role of T lymphocyte subsets in the pathogenesis of primary infection and rechallenge with respiratory syncytial virus in mice.

1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
B S Graham ◽  
L A Bunton ◽  
P F Wright ◽  
D T Karzon
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Role of T-lymphocyte subsets in recovery from respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves.

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 6658-6664 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Taylor ◽  
L H Thomas ◽  
S G Wyld ◽  
J Furze ◽  
P Sopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Supplementing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product modulates innate immune function and ameliorates bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in neonatal calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa H A Mahmoud ◽  
Jamison R Slate ◽  
Suyeon Hong ◽  
Ilkyu Yoon ◽  
Jodi L McGill
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of oral supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP; SmartCare and NutriTek; Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA) on immune function and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection in preweaned dairy calves. Twenty-four Holstein × Angus, 1- to 2-d-old calves (38.46 ± 0.91 kg initial body weight [BW]) were assigned two treatment groups: control or SCFP treated, milk replacer with 1 g/d SCFP (SmartCare) and calf starter top-dressed with 5 g/d SCFP (NutriTek). The study consisted of one 31-d period. On days 19 to 21 of the supplementation period, calves were challenged via aerosol inoculation with BRSV strain 375. Calves were monitored twice daily for clinical signs, including rectal temperature, cough, nasal and ocular discharge, respiration effort, and lung auscultation. Calves were euthanized on day 10 postinfection (days 29 to 31 of the supplementation period) to evaluate gross lung pathology and pathogen load. Supplementation with SCFP did not affect BW (P = 0.762) or average daily gain (P = 0.750), percentages of circulating white blood cells (P < 0.05), phagocytic (P = 0.427 for neutrophils and P = 0.460 for monocytes) or respiratory burst (P = 0.119 for neutrophils and P = 0.414 for monocytes) activity by circulating leukocytes either before or following BRSV infection, or serum cortisol concentrations (P = 0.321) after BRSV infection. Calves receiving SCFP had reduced clinical disease scores compared with control calves (P = 0.030), reduced airway neutrophil recruitment (P < 0.002), reduced lung pathology (P = 0.031), and a reduced incidence of secondary bacterial infection. Calves receiving SCFP shed reduced virus compared with control calves (P = 0.049) and tended toward lower viral loads in the lungs (P = 0.051). Immune cells from the peripheral blood of SCFP-treated calves produced increased (P < 0.05) quantities of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in response to toll-like receptor stimulation, while cells from the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of SCFP-treated calves secreted less (P < 0.05) proinflammatory cytokines in response to the same stimuli. Treatment with SCFP had no effect on virus-specific T cell responses in the blood but resulted in reduced (P = 0.045) virus-specific IL-17 secretion by T cells in the BAL. Supplementing with SCFP modulates both systemic and mucosal immune responses and may improve the outcome of an acute respiratory viral infection in preweaned dairy calves.

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and cytokine expression in calves vaccinated with formalin-inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus prior to challenge

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia R Woolums ◽  
Robert A Gunther ◽  
Kerrie McArthur-Vaughan ◽  
Mark L Anderson ◽  
Amanda Omlor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Lymphocyte Activity ◽  
Syncytial Virus

T-lymphocyte subsets and thymic size in malnourished infants in Egypt: a hospital-based study

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1031-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Nassar ◽  
N.T. Younis ◽  
A.G. Tohamy ◽  
D.M. Dalam ◽  
M.A. El Badawy
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets

scholarly journals Flow cytometric analysis of T lymphocytes and cytokines in aqueous humor of patients with varicella zoster virus-mediated acute retinal necrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Kang ◽  
Yunbo Wei ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Di Yu ◽  
Yong Tao
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes

Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the aqueous humor (AH) T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) to elucidate the immunologic inflammatory features of this disorder. Methods Three patients with ARN infected with varicella zoster virus (VZV) who underwent multiple intravitreal injections of ganciclovir were enrolled in this study. The control group consisted of four non-infectious patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU). Flow cytometric analysis was performed on the lymphocyte subsets from the AH and peripheral blood (PB) samples during the active phase of intraocular inflammation. Five inflammatory cytokines were measured in each AH sample and various clinical characteristics were also assessed. Results VZV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in AH from all the ARN patients, who showed higher CD8+ T lymphocytes population in AH than the AAU patients (p = 0.006). CD4/CD8 ratios of T lymphocytes and the percentage of CD8 + CD25+ T lymphocytes in AH were significantly lower in ARN than in AAU (p = 0.006; p = 0.012). In the ARN patients, the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in AH were higher than those found in PB. The percentage of CD4 + CD25+ T lymphocytes in AH was significantly higher than the proportion in PB in the AAU patients (p = 0.001). Immunoregulatory cytokine Interleukin-10 in AH was significantly elevated in the ARN patients in comparison with the case of the AAU patients (p = 0.036). In ARN, the copy number of VZV DNA in AH positively correlated with the percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes in AH and negatively correlated with the CD4/CD8 ratio in AH during the course of disease treatment (p = 0.009, r = 0.92; p = 0.039, r = − 0.834). Conclusion The ARN patients caused by VZV had different intraocular T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines profile than those of the non-infectious patients. High percentages of CD8+ T lymphocytes and low CD4/CD8 T cell ratios may be a potential biomarker for diagnosis of viral-infectious uveitis. T lymphocytes examination at the inflammatory sites has the potential to become a useful research tool for differentiating viral and non-viral uveitis.

Effect of infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus on pulmonary clearance of an inhaled antigen in calves

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel J. Gershwin ◽  
Robert A. Gunther ◽  
William J. Hornof ◽  
Richard F. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Pulmonary Clearance ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals NASYM, a live intranasal vaccine, protects young calves from bovine respiratory syncytial virus in the presence of maternal antibodies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Marzo ◽  
Carlos Montbrau ◽  
Maria‐Carmen Moreno ◽  
Mercè Roca ◽  
Marta Sitjà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Maternal Antibodies ◽  
Intranasal Vaccine ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Shifting immunodominance pattern of two cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes in the F glycoprotein of the Long strain of respiratory syncytial virus

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
pp. 3229-3238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Johnstone ◽  
Patricia de León ◽  
Francisco Medina ◽  
José A. Melero ◽  
Blanca García-Barreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia ◽  
F Protein ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory infection in children and in the elderly. The RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein has long been recognized as a vaccine candidate as it elicits cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses. Two murine H-2Kd-restricted CTL epitopes (F85–93 and F92–106) are known in the F protein of the A2 strain of RSV. F-specific CTL lines using BCH4 fibroblasts that are persistently infected with the Long strain of human RSV as stimulators were generated, and it was found that in this strain only the F85–93 epitope is conserved. Motif based epitope prediction programs and an F2 chain deleted F protein encoded in a recombinant vaccinia virus enabled identification of a new epitope in the Long strain, F249–258, which is presented by Kd as a 9-mer (TYMLTNSEL) or a 10-mer (TYMLTNSELL) peptide. The results suggest that the 10-mer might be a naturally processed endogenous Kd ligand. The CD8+ T-lymphocyte responses to epitopes F85–93 and F249–258 present in the F protein of RSV Long were found to be strongly skewed to F85–93 in in vitro multispecific CTL lines and in vivo during a secondary response to a recombinant vaccinia virus that expresses the entire F protein. However, no hierarchy in CD8+ T-lymphocyte responses to F85–93 and F249–258 epitopes was observed in vivo during a primary response.

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