The effect of visual field defects on eye movements and practical fitness to drive

The influence of different visual field defects on the reading performance was examined with potential adaptive strategies to improve the reading process in mind. By means of an SLO, the retinal fixation locus (RFL) was determined with the use of single targets and text, and eye movements scanning the text were recorded on video tape. Additionally, eye movements were monitored by an Infrared Limbus Tracker. Visual fields were assessed by the Tübingen Manual and/or automatic perimetry. Normal subjects, and patients with central scotomata, ring scotomata, and hemianopic field defects (HFD) were examined. The main pathological reading parameters were an increase of saccade frequency and regressions per line, and a decrease of reading speed. In patients with field defects involving the visual field centre, fixation behaviour is significant for regaining reading ability. In absolute central scotoma, the lost foveal function promotes eccentric fixation. The remaining problem is insufficient resolution of the RFL, which can be compensated for by magnification of the text. In patients with insufficient size of their reading visual field, due to HFD and ring scotoma, it is crucial that they learn to use a new RFL despite intact foveolar function. Preconditions for reading have been found to be: (1) sufficient resolution of the RFL, (2) a reading visual field of a minimum extent, and (3) intact basic oculomotor function. In patients with visual field defects involving the centre, a sensory-motor adaptation process is required: the use of a new RFL as the new centre of the visual field and as the new zero point for eye-movement coordinates.

Download Full-text

Saccadic eye movements and face recognition performance in patients with central glaucomatous visual field defects

Vision Research ◽

10.1016/j.visres.2013.02.010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

pp. 42-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Fiona C. Glen ◽

Nicholas D. Smith ◽

David P. Crabb

Keyword(s):

Face Recognition ◽

Eye Movements ◽

Visual Field ◽

Recognition Performance ◽

Saccadic Eye Movements ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Field Defects

Download Full-text

Correlation between visual field defects and fitness to drive in glaucoma patients

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0420.2007.01063_3526.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 85 ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

E LELOUP

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Fitness To Drive ◽

Field Defects

Download Full-text

Eye Movements and Visual Search in Homonymous Visual Field Defects

Homonymous Visual Field Defects ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-52284-5_8 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 121-133

Author(s):

Jason J. S. Barton

Keyword(s):

Visual Search ◽

Eye Movements ◽

Visual Field ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Field Defects

Download Full-text

Eye-tracking-based visual field analysis (EFA): a reliable and precise perimetric methodology for the assessment of visual field defects

BMJ Open Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bmjophth-2019-000429 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. e000429

Author(s):

Michael Christian Leitner ◽

Florian Hutzler ◽

Sarah Schuster ◽

Lorenzo Vignali ◽

Patrick Marvan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Visual Field ◽

Eye Tracking ◽

Field Analysis ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Test Duration ◽

Automated Perimetry ◽

The Individual ◽

The Right ◽

Field Defects

ObjectiveSeveral studies report evidence for training-related neuroplasticity in the visual cortex, while other studies suggest that improvements simply reflect inadequate eye fixation control during perimetric prediagnostics and postdiagnostics.Methods and analysisTo improve diagnostics, a new eye-tracking-based methodology for visual field analysis (eye-tracking-based visual field analysis (EFA)) was developed. The EFA is based on static automated perimetry and additionally takes individual eye movements in real time into account and compensates for them. In the present study, an evaluation of the EFA with the help of blind spots of 58 healthy participants and the individual visual field defects of 23 clinical patients is provided. With the help of the EFA, optical coherence tomography, Goldmann perimetry and a Humphrey field analyser, these natural and acquired scotomas were diagnosed and the results were compared accordingly.ResultsThe EFA provides a SE of measurement of 0.38° for the right eye (OD) and 0.50° for the left eye (OS), leading to 0.44° of visual angle for both eyes (OU). Based on participants’ individual results, the EFA provides disattenuated correlation (validity) of 1.00 for both OD and OS. Results from patients suffering from cortical lesions and glaucoma further indicate that the EFA is capable of diagnosing acquired scotoma validly and is applicable for clinical use.ConclusionOutcomes indicate that the EFA is highly reliable and precise in diagnosing individual shape and location of scotoma and capable of recording changes of visual field defects (after intervention) with unprecedented precision. Test duration is comparable to established instruments and due to the high customisability of the EFA, assessment duration can be shortened by adapting the diagnostic procedure to the patients’ individual visual field characteristics. Therefore, the saccade-compensating methodology enables researchers and healthcare professionals to rule out eye movements as a source of inaccuracies in pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments.

Download Full-text