1665 POSTER The role of the research nurse in the recruitment of cancer patients to clinical trials: providing an equitable service

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Biswell R ◽  
Michael Clark ◽  
Michela Tinelli ◽  
Gillian Manthorpe ◽  
Joanne Neale ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Zalpour ◽  
Michael H. Kroll ◽  
Vahid Afshar-Kharghan ◽  
Syed Wamique Yusuf ◽  
Carmen Escalante

The association between cancer and venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been well documented in the literature. Prevention and treatment of VTE in cancer patients is imperative. Typically, the mainstay regimen for VTE prevention and treatment has been anticoagulation therapy, unless contraindicated. This therapy consists of unfractionated heparin (UFH), low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), factor Xa inhibitor, or vitamin K antagonist (VKA). Current guidelines recommend LMWH over VKA for the treatment of VTE in cancer patients. Factor-specific anticoagulants have been proven safe and effective, and recently factor Xa inhibitors have emerged as a treatment alternative to heparins and VKA. Currently, three factor Xa inhibitors have been identified: fondaparinux (the only one approved so far by the US Food and Drug Administration), idraparinux (in clinical trials), and idrabiotaparinux (in clinical trials). This paper will examine the role of these agents, focusing on fondaparinux, for the prevention and treatment of VTE in cancer patients.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Evangelista ◽  
Matteo Sepulcri ◽  
Giulia Pasello

Objective: In recent years, the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has significantly changed the outcome of patients affected by lung cancer and cutaneous melanoma. Although the clinical advantages, the selection of patients and the evaluation of response to immunotherapy remain unclear, the immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (irRECIST) was proposed as an update of the RECIST criteria for the assessment of response to immunotherapy. However, morphological images cannot predict early response to therapy that represents a challenge in clinical practice. 18F-FDG PET/CT before and after immunotherapy has an indeterminate role, demonstrating ambiguous results due to inflammatory effects secondary to activation of the immune system. The aim of the present review was to analyze the role of PET/CT as a guide for immunotherapy, by analyzing the current status and future perspectives. Methods: A literature search was conducted in order to select all papers that discussed the role of PET/CT with FDG or other tracers in the evaluation or prediction of response to immunotherapy in lung cancer patients. Results: Many papers are now available. Many clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients. FDG PET/CT can be used for the prediction of response to immunotherapy, while its utility for the evaluation of response is not still clearly reported. Moreover, the standardization of FDG PET/CT interpretation is missing and different criteria, such as information, have been investigated until now. Conclusions: The utility of FDG PET/CT for patients with lung cancer undergoing immunotherapies is still preliminary and not well addressed. New agents for PET are promising, but large clinical trials are mandatory.


This chapter explores the role of clinical trials within the cancer setting. It covers the history of clinical trials within medicine and describes the key stages of ethical approval and the legal framework within which clinical trials exist. Phases of clinical trials are also covered, as well as nurses' responsibilities within a trial setting. The final part of the chapter explores the vulnerable nature of many cancer patients and how to reduce risk for these patients.


Kontakt ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. e165-e170
Author(s):  
Petra Búřilová ◽  
Andrea Pokorná

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